Unit 2 English around the worldVocabularysub-次，亚，下subwaysubmarinesubconscious official 1.adj. 官方的，正式的官方的，正式的 official language official news 2.n. 政府官员政府官员An important official will visit our school. officer n. 军官军官He is an officer in the army. voyage n. Ca long journey, especially by ship: He was a young sailor on his first sea voyage.Vocabularyvoyage c 航行，航海，航空We made a voyage to the moonjourney c 常指远距离陆地旅行Wish you a pleasant journeytrip c，u 短途旅行，远足They made a trip to the seaside last weekend.tour c，u （团队）观光旅行，也可表示“巡回比赛” 或演出The band is on tour in France.travel c，u 常指长距离旅行或国外旅行The novel is based on his travels in IndiaVocabularyconquerv.to get control of a country by fighting The Normans conquered England in 1066.conqueror n. C 征服者becauseof:asaresultof因为因为;由于由于Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.因因为为污污染染严严重重，许许多多美美丽丽的的鱼鱼类类正正在在面临绝种。面临绝种。The police are advising motorists to reduce speed because of the fog.由于有雾，警察告诫驾车者减慢速度。由于有雾，警察告诫驾车者减慢速度。We win the game because of hisparticipation. 由于他的参与，我们赢了比赛。由于他的参与，我们赢了比赛。because&becauseof因为你的关心，我发现生活充满了希望。1）Because you are concerned about me, I find that life is full of hope.2）Because of your concern, I find that life is full of hope.因为雨下得很大，那个男孩穿过树林回家了。1）Because it rained heavily, the boy went back home through the woods.2）Because of the heavy rain, the boy went back home through the woods.Native1.adj. associated with the place and circumstances of ones birth 本国的，本国的，本地的本地的 native land native language 2. originating in a place，土产的；原产，土产的；原产于于 be native to 是是地方特有的地方特有的 The giant panda is native to Sichuan. 3. n. 土著居民土著居民 study the habits of the nativessomeonewhohasspokenaparticularlanguagesincetheywereababy,ratherthanhavinglearntitasachildoradult:讲母语的人讲母语的人None of our teachers are native speakers of English.A native-speaker dictionary3nativespeakern.C1.tomovetowardssb.A young girl came up to me and asked for money.2.tobementionedortalkedaboutinconversation:What points came up at the meeting?The teacher came up with a good plan for the summer vocation. comeup:phrasalv.走近走近提出提出3.tohappen,usuallyunexpectedly:Ive got to go - something has just come up at home and Im needed there.4.becominguptobehappeningsoon:My exams are coming up soon.发生临近临近come up to sp 上某地来上某地来come up with 提出提出 想出想出He came up with a good idea in the meeting. The problem came up in the meeting.comeacross偶然遇到，发现，被理偶然遇到，发现，被理解解comeabout发生发生cometrue实现实现comeback回来，回来，恢复记忆恢复记忆comeon催促催促,快速运动快速运动;得了吧得了吧comeout出现，出版出现，出版,开花开花comein进来进来comeover从一地到另一地从一地到另一地even if= (even though) 尽管；即使尽管；即使Even if the road is full of difficulty, I will never lose heart.actually1.adv.事实上事实上,实际上实际上She looks young, but she is actually 50.2.adj. 实际的，事实上的实际的，事实上的What he told us was an actual happening.in factas a matter of factin reality base1. vt. to build or place, to use as a base for sth. 建于，基于，以建于，基于，以为根据为根据 n. 基础，基地，基部基础，基地，基部 Actually, a countrys development is based on its economy. base sth. on/upon sth. 以以为根据为根据 be based on/upon 以以为根据为根据2. n. lowest part of sth. 底，根基，基底，根基，基础础 We camped at the base of the mountain.3. n. (军队，探险队等的军队，探险队等的)基地，根据地基地，根据地 Our companys base is in Beijing. present n. 礼物，礼品礼物，礼品 vt. 呈递，提出；演出；展现呈递，提出；演出；展现 adj. 目前的目前的(作定语时前置作定语时前置)；在场的；在场的,出席的出席的(作定语时后置作定语时后置)。 Her judgments on the present situation in the Middle East are precise. 她对中东目前局势的判断很精确。她对中东目前局势的判断很精确。Are you busy? Not at present.At present shes working abroad. I have no enough material in hand at present. 目前我手头没有足够的资料。目前我手头没有足够的资料。atpresentFORMALnow:=atthemomentbepresentto 出现在面前forthepresent 暂时，暂且Yesterday is history, tomorrow is mystery, today is gift, that why we call today present.根据汉语意思，完成英文句子根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)目前目前我们极缺职员。我们极缺职员。Wearedeadlyshortofstaff_.(2)他们正在讨论如何应对他们正在讨论如何应对当前的当前的困难。困难。They are discussing how to deal with the_difficulties.(3)这个问题可这个问题可暂且暂且搁置。搁置。Themattermaybeleftover_atpresentpresentforthepresentLosing weight is a slow, gradual process.减肥是一个缓慢而逐渐的过程。减肥是一个缓慢而逐渐的过程。gradualadj.逐渐的；逐步的逐渐的；逐步的graduallyadv.slowly over a period of time or a distance:逐渐地逐渐地Gradually a smile reappeared on her face.她的脸上逐渐又露出了笑容。她的脸上逐渐又露出了笑容。Imverygladtoknowthatyourvocabularyis_increasingdaybyday.A.frequentlyB.fluentlyC.entirelyD.graduallyChoosethebestanswer.enrichenrich1.vTtoimprovethequalityofsomething,especiallybyaddingthingstoitAdd fertilizer to enrich the soil.Education can greatly enrich your life .2.tomakesomeonericherenrichmentnUcurriculum enrichmentenriched adjawide/limitedvocabularyBytheageoftwoachildwillhaveavocabularyofabouttwohundredwords.vocabularyn.1Callthewordsknownandusedbyaparticularperson:词汇量词汇量2CorUallthewordswhichexistinaparticularlanguageorsubject:词汇词汇Every week our English teacher gives us a list of vocabulary (= words) to learn.Computing, like any subject, has its own vocabulary.Shakespeare1564 -1616We might as well make use of the hotels facilities.She makes use of people she meets as raw material for her fiction.makeuseofsth.tousesth.thatisavailable:利用；使用利用；使用spellingspelling1.nUtheactofspellingwordscorrectly,ortheabilitytodothisHer spelling has improved.An essay full of spelling mistakes 2.CthewayinwhichawordisspelledShe quickly gave the correct spelling.Samuel Johnson17091784One of the English languages most profound influences. Noah WebsterBorn: October 16, 1758Died: May 28, 1843When Noah was 43, he started writing the first American dictionary. He did this because Americans in different parts of the country spelled, pronounced and used words differently.She offered me more money or a car and I chose the latter.Comparetheformer(FIRST).thelatter(SECOND) n.Sthesecondoftwopeople,thingsorgroupspreviouslymentioned:后者后者Latteradj.thesecondoftwopeopleorthingsjustmentionedidentityn.CorUwhoapersonis,orthequalitiesofapersonorgroupwhichmakethemdifferentfromothers:The mans identity was being kept secret while he was helping police with enquiries.I cannot reveal the identity of my source.1Whenapersonisfluent,theycanspeakalanguageeasily,wellandquickly:Shes fluent in French.fluentadj.流利的；流畅的流利的；流畅的fluentlyadv.流利地；流畅地流利地；流畅地Id like to speak English fluently.2 When a language is fluent, it is spoken easily and without many pauses:He speaks fluent Chinese.Hes a fluent Russian speaker.1.That sum of money is to cover costs such as travel and accommodation.2.I know many of them, such as John,Peter, and Tom.3.The Roman languages such as French, Italian, are all derived from Latin.拉丁语系拉丁语系,例如法语例如法语,意大利语意大利语,都起都起源于拉丁语。源于拉丁语。suchas:forexample例如例如;诸如诸如 “suchas”isusedtolistsimilarthings. “forexample”isusedtoillustratethespeakersargument.forexample意思是意思是举个例子来说举个例子来说,.一般只举同类人或物中的一般只举同类人或物中的“一一个个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中、句末；可置于句首、句中、句末；suchas意思是意思是比如比如，后面不加逗，后面不加逗号号,直接列举同类人或物中的几个例直接列举同类人或物中的几个例子，不能穷尽，可和子，不能穷尽，可和andsoon连用；连用；like表示列举，可和表示列举，可和suchas互换。互换。forexample,suchas,like区别区别Noise，forexample，isakindofpollution举例说明，噪音就是一种污染。举例说明，噪音就是一种污染。Chinahasmanybigcities,suchasBeijing,Shanghai,Shenzhenandsoon=ChinahasmanysuchbigcitieslikeBeijing，Shanghai，Shenzhenandsoon中国有许多大城市，比如北京、中国有许多大城市，比如北京、上海、深圳等等。上海、深圳等等。commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某命令某人做某事事commandthatsb(should)do命令某命令某人做某事人做某事haveagoodcommandof精通精通commandv.命令，指挥，统率命令，指挥，统率n.命令；指挥命令；指挥(权权)；掌握，精通；掌握，精通用法：表示用法：表示“命令某人做某事命令某人做某事”可用可用 command sb. to do sth.，后接从句时，从，后接从句时，从句谓语用句谓语用“(should+)动词原形动词原形”。运用：根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。运用：根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。他命令我们马上离开。他命令我们马上离开。(两种答案两种答案)He commanded_immediately.(2) 她精通英语。她精通英语。She_English.ustoleave/thatweshouldleavehasagoodcommandofShehas_verygoodcommandoftheEnglishlanguage.Hecommandedme_(leave)atonce.HecommandedthatI_(leave)atonce.运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。形式填空。shouldleave/leaveatoleave搭配：熟记下列搭配。搭配：熟记下列搭配。requestsb.todosth.邀请邀请/请求某人请求某人做某事做某事requestthatsb.(should)do邀请邀请/请求某人做某事请求某人做某事requeststh.of/fromsb.向某人要求向某人要求某物某物makearequestforsth.请求得到某请求得到某物物requestvt.& n. 请求请求,要求要求用法：用法：request作动词时，其宾语作动词时，其宾语从句的谓语要用从句的谓语要用“(should+)动词原动词原形形”，这类动词有：，这类动词有：一个一个“坚持坚持”：insist；两道两道“命令命令”：order,command；三条三条“建议建议”：suggest,advise,propose；四点四点“要求要求”：ask,require,request,demand。这。这些动词相应的名词形式后的同位语些动词相应的名词形式后的同位语从句、表语从句等的谓语也用从句、表语从句等的谓语也用“(should+)动词原形动词原形”。运用：完成下列句子或用所给词的适当运用：完成下列句子或用所给词的适当形式填空。形式填空。(1)我们不得不请求食物援助，因为我们我们不得不请求食物援助，因为我们只剩下一点了。只剩下一点了。Wehadto_foodaidaswehadlittleleft.(2)她请求他跟他一起吃饭。她请求他跟他一起吃饭。Sherequested_dinnerwithher.=Sherequested_dinnerwithher.makearequestforhimtohavethathe(should)have(3)Mr.PainemadearequestthatI_(help)him.(4)Hisrequestisthatwe_(give)himenoughsupportforhisresearch.(should)help(should)giveexpressionn.词词语语，措措辞辞；表表情情，神神色色；表示，表达表示，表达At last he found a proper way to give expression to his gratitude.expressv.表达表达expressiveadj.富富于于表表情情的的；有有表现力的表现力的an oldfashioned expression 陈陈旧的表达方式旧的表达方式anexpressionofhorror/amazement恐怖恐怖/惊讶的神色惊讶的神色facialexpression面部表情面部表情根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)他的面部表情看起来很严肃。 _ looks very serious.(2)“In the family way”是一种老式的表达方式，意为“怀孕”。 “In the family way” is_meaning “pregnant”Hisfacialexpressionanoldfashionedexpression(3)他宣布的消息引起了一片惊讶的神色。 His announcement produced_.an expression ofamazementplay a part / role (in sth):playapart:tobeinvolvedinanactivity1）Hisparentsplayedapartinhissuccess.他的成功有他父母的因素在内。2）Hersuggestionsplayaveryimportantpartinourdecision-making.她的建议在我们的决定中起了很重要的作用。3）Hehasplayedallkindsofrolesinhislife.他一生中扮演了各种各样的角色。搭配：搭配：recognizeas/tobe承认承认/认为认为/认出认出是是运用：运用：根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。(1)我们认为他是一个勤奋并且诚实的人。我们认为他是一个勤奋并且诚实的人。We_him_ahardworkingandhonestperson.recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认辨认出；承认；公认recognizetobe/as(2)我一看到他就认出他来了。我一看到他就认出他来了。I_assoonasIsawhim.(3)他的渊博的学识和工作能力得到了承认。他的渊博的学识和工作能力得到了承认。Histhoroughknowledgeandcompetence_.(4)我承认自己犯了一个错误。我承认自己犯了一个错误。I_Ihadmadeamistake.recognizedhimwererecognizedrecognized(that)recognizedadj.公公认认的的；经经过过证证明明的；普遍接受的的；普遍接受的recognitionn.认可认可recognizesth./sb.认出某物认出某物/人人recognizethatclause承认承认recognizetobe/as公公认认/承承认认是是根据汉语意思，完成英文句子根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)(1)我们必须承认我们被击败了。我们必须承认我们被击败了。 We must recognize that_.(2) I _ the moment I saw him. 我一看到他就认出他来了。我一看到他就认出他来了。wehavebeendefeatedrecognizedhimS subject 主主 语语P predicate 谓谓 语语O object 宾宾 语语Att attribute 定定 语语Adv adverbial 状状 语语Com complement 补补 语语Pre predicative 表表 语语C clause 从从 句句Shortforms缩略语缩略语English now is also spoken as a foreignor second language in South Asia. Difficultsentences analysisS.Adv.P.Adv.现在现在, 英语在南亚也被当作外语或第二英语在南亚也被当作外语或第二语言。语言。It is just as you like. 事情就如你喜欢的那样。事情就如你喜欢的那样。Jim runs fast, but I run just as fast. 吉姆跑得快，但我跑得也一样快。吉姆跑得快，但我跑得也一样快。As you werent there I left a message. 因为你不在那里，我留了个信儿。因为你不在那里，我留了个信儿。 句子中的句子中的as是介词，意思是是介词，意思是“当作当作”，作作副词意思是副词意思是“同样地同样地”，作连词意思是，作连词意思是“当当.之时之时”。