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连 词conjunction专项复习一专项复习一1考点考点1:并列连词:并列连词考点考点2:引导状语从句的连词:引导状语从句的连词考点考点3:引导名词性从句的连接词:引导名词性从句的连接词2考点考点1:并列连词:并列连词表示表示并列并列 and(同,和同,和), when(=and just at this time就在这时就在这时), not onlybut (also)(不仅不仅而且而且), neithernor(既不(既不也不也不) 表示表示选择选择 or(或者,否则或者,否则), otherwise(否则否则), or else(否则否则), either.or(不是不是就是就是) 表示表示转折转折 but(但是,可是,只是因为但是,可是,只是因为), yet(可是可是), notbut(不是不是而是而是) 表示表示对比对比 while(而、却而、却) 表示表示因果因果 for(因为)和(因为)和so(所以,因此)(所以,因此) 昨天提到的昨天提到的thus, therefore 和和consequently都是都是连接副词连接副词,用来,用来连接连接句子或者从句句子或者从句,基本上可以互换,没有太大的差异,意为,基本上可以互换,没有太大的差异,意为“因此因此”。3while 用作并列连词,意为用作并列连词,意为“而而”,表示,表示对比。对比。He likes pop music while I am fond of country music.He was playing the guitar while his sister was watching TV. review4巩固:用适当的连词填空。巩固:用适当的连词填空。并并 列列 句句1. I thought youd be late for the concert, _ we ended up getting there ahead of time. (湖南湖南)2. Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better. (全国全国)3. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. (山东山东)4. The artist was born poor, _ poor he remained all his life. (重庆重庆)but and for and 55. In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children. (四川四川)6. You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder, _ you wont pass the course. (北京北京)7. Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, _ the way they actually are. (湖南湖南)while or but 6 把握前后分句的逻辑关系是解题关键:把握前后分句的逻辑关系是解题关键: 并列连词的考察并列连词的考察主要是通过主要是通过句子意义及句子意义及 两个并列成分之间的关系两个并列成分之间的关系来判断连词词来判断连词词义,解题时准确理解题干的意义,理清义,解题时准确理解题干的意义,理清前后逻辑关系很重要。前后逻辑关系很重要。解题关键解题关键 7连词专项复习(第二课)连词专项复习(第二课) 引导状语从句引导状语从句 的连词的连词8考点考点2:引导状语从句的连词:引导状语从句的连词种类种类 连词连词 时间时间状语状语从句从句 when,while(在(在期间),期间),as(当(当,一边,一边一边一边),before(在(在之前),之前),after(在(在之后),之后),since(从(从以来),以来),till/until(直到),(直到),whenever(无论何时),(无论何时),as soon as(一(一就)就) 地点状地点状语从句语从句 where (在在的地方的地方),wherever(在在的任何地方的任何地方) 原因状原因状语从句语从句 because(因为因为), as(由于由于), since(既然既然), now (that)(既然既然), when(既然既然), seeing (that) (由于,鉴于由于,鉴于), considering (that)(考虑到考虑到), given (that) (考虑到考虑到) 目的状目的状语从句语从句 so(以便以便), that(以便以便), so that(以便,为了以便,为了), in order that (为了,以便为了,以便);in case(以防,以免以防,以免), lest(免得,以防免得,以防), for fear that(以免,惟恐以免,惟恐) 9结果状结果状语从句语从句 so that(以致,结果),(以致,结果),sothat, suchthat(如此(如此以至于)以至于) 条件状条件状语从句语从句 if, unless (=ifnot如果不如果不,除非,除非), as/so long as(只只要要), while(=as long as只要只要), supposing (that)/provided /providing (that)(假如假如), in case(假使假使), on condition that(在在的条件下的条件下) 让步状让步状语从句语从句 although, though, as, while(虽然虽然), even if/though(即使即使), whetheror(不论不论/不管不管还是还是) 以及以及“疑问词疑问词+ever”和和“no matter+疑问词疑问词” 比较状比较状语从句语从句 as.as(和(和一样),一样),not as/so.as(和(和不一样)不一样),than(比),(比),the more.the more(越(越越)越) 方式状方式状语从句语从句 as(正如正如),as if或或as though(好像好像) 10 连接词连接词when, while, as的用法区别:的用法区别:1while引导的时间状语从句的引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词谓语动词必须是必须是可可延续的,而延续的,而when引导的时间状语从句的引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词谓语动词既可以既可以是是可延续的,可延续的,也可以是也可以是表短暂性动作的动词。表短暂性动作的动词。如:如: When/While he was eating his breakfast, heheard the doorbell ring. When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. ( (不可用不可用while)while)2从句动作从句动作发生在主句动作之发生在主句动作之前前时,只能用时,只能用when引引导这个从句,不可用导这个从句,不可用as或或while。如:。如: When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. ( (这里,这里,whenwhen引导的时间状语从句中用现在完成时表示将来要完成的引导的时间状语从句中用现在完成时表示将来要完成的 一个动作,这个动作比主句的动作先发生。一个动作,这个动作比主句的动作先发生。) )113表示表示“随着随着”,连词用连词用as,不用不用when或或while。如:如: As the election approached, the violence got worse. 随着选举的临近,暴力活动变得越来越糟糕了。随着选举的临近,暴力活动变得越来越糟糕了。4如果如果主句主句表示的是表示的是短暂动作短暂动作,而,而从句用延续性从句用延续性动作的进行时态动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时,作时,when, while与与as 可互换使用可互换使用。如:。如: When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.121. _ he heard this, he got very angry. 2. I met Lucy_ I was walking along the river.3. _ a child, he lived in the countryside. A. when B. while C. as对比训练对比训练 1ABC131. We were about to leave_ it began to rain.2. She thought I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son.3. Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during对比训练对比训练 2 ABA141 1)becausebecause是我们最常见到的,它所表示原因的语气最强,是我们最常见到的,它所表示原因的语气最强,表示直接原因表示直接原因 ,它所引导的从句一般放在主句后面。,它所引导的从句一般放在主句后面。becausebecause用于回答用于回答whywhy的问句、引导表语从句、用于强调句等,的问句、引导表语从句、用于强调句等,而其余三者均不行。而其余三者均不行。 Thats _you cant appreciate music. 这是因为你不能欣赏音乐。这是因为你不能欣赏音乐。It is _he is honest that I like him. 是因为他诚实我才喜欢他。是因为他诚实我才喜欢他。2 2)由)由becausebecause引导的从句如果放在引导的从句如果放在句末句末,且前面有逗号,且前面有逗号,则则可以用可以用forfor来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情多种情况加以推断况加以推断( (或对前面句意进行补充说明或对前面句意进行补充说明) ),就只能用,就只能用forfor。He is absent today, _he is ill.He must be ill, _ he is absent today.比较:比较:because, for , since和和asbecausebecausebecause / for for15_he had not paid his bill, his electricity was cut off(既然他不付电费,他的电就被切断了。)(既然他不付电费,他的电就被切断了。) Since3) since 的语气比的语气比 as 强。强。since和和as引导的从句一般放在引导的从句一般放在句子的开头句子的开头。 since通常指通常指说话双方已知的原因说话双方已知的原因, 意为意为“既然既然”; 而而 “as”常表示常表示“已为人们所知已为人们所知或或显而易见的原因或理由显而易见的原因或理由”。 意为意为 “因为因为”或或“正如正如”。_ you are wrong, you should apologize. 你既然错了,就应该道歉。你既然错了,就应该道歉。_ we all know, the earth is round.正如我们所知道的,地球是圆的。正如我们所知道的,地球是圆的。 _ hes been ill for ages, I will help him. SinceAs相对地,相对地,“because”就用于指对方或读者不知的原因,是引起某事的就用于指对方或读者不知的原因,是引起某事的直接原因直接原因 。 例:例:Why were you late for school this morning? Because I had an accident on my way to schoolAs16若若两个句子两个句子( (有两个主谓结构有两个主谓结构) )之间之间,没有,没有句号或分号句号或分号,也没有也没有连词连词,那空格处必定是填,那空格处必定是填连词连词,否则,句子结构就,否则,句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系,或者根据句式不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系,或者根据句式结构,确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。然后根据某种结构,确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。然后根据某种从句的特点,结合连词的意义和作用,确定填具体的某个从句的特点,结合连词的意义和作用,确定填具体的某个连词。连词。17状语从句课堂巩固练习状语从句课堂巩固练习1. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back. (北京北京)2. The research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet them again. (安徽安徽)3. - Did you return Freds call? - I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow. (北京北京)before before because 184. - Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?- He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word. (四川四川)5. “You cant have this football back _ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly. (广东广东)6. Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it. (山东山东)7. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. (重庆重庆)before unless where if 198. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _ there is human suffering. (江西江西)9. A small car is big enough for a family of three _ you need more space for baggage. (全国全国)10. _ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. (全国全国II)11. You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence. (福建福建) wherever unless If once/if 20unless与与until均为均为从属连词从属连词,unless表表“除非除非”,强调强调条件条件,引导条件状语从句引导条件状语从句; until表表“直到直到”,强调时间强调时间/状态状态的延续的延续,引导时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句。 1. I didnt know the news_my teacher told it to me. 2. I couldnt know the news_ my teacher told it to me. 3.-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? -Yes. He had never praised him _he became one of the top students in his grade. unless 与 until 的 区 别untilunlessuntil21
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