定语从句定语从句高考试题题选与分析高考试题题选与分析 1. 1980 The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer. A. who B. which C. where D. when2. 1980 I still remember the days _ we studied together. A. that B. which C.where D.when3. 1986 I can still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. that D. where4. 1996 A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. his C. whose D. with分析分析1.与其他大多数从句的引导词一样，定语从句中的引导词与其他大多数从句的引导词一样，定语从句中的引导词除了起引导从句的作用外，在从句中还要充当某一成分。除了起引导从句的作用外，在从句中还要充当某一成分。 第一题选第一题选A, who在从句中作主语，可以在此从句中作在从句中作主语，可以在此从句中作主语的还有主语的还有which, that和和as;作宾语的有作宾语的有whom, which, that和和as（其中其中that可指物也可指人）；可指物也可指人）； 第二题选第二题选D，when在从句中作时间状语，在从句中作时间状语， 第三题选第三题选D，where在从句中作地点状语，可以在从句在从句中作地点状语，可以在从句中作状语的还有中作状语的还有why； 第四题选第四题选C，whose在从句中作定语（在从句中作定语（whose还可以修饰还可以修饰物）。物）。2.That和和which一般可互换，但在下面情况下必须用一般可互换，但在下面情况下必须用that引引导定语从句。（如果引导词导定语从句。（如果引导词that在定语从句中作宾语，在定语从句中作宾语，that可省）可省）1）先行词是不定代词，如）先行词是不定代词，如all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。等。例：例：1987 Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police A. which B. what C. whatever D. that Everything (that) he said seemed quite reasonable. 2）先行词被不定代词修饰，如先行词被不定代词修饰，如all, any, every, few, little, no, some,the first, the last, the only, the same等。等。You can take any book that you like.3) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰. The first thing (that) I saw in the country will never be forgotten. This is the most important thing that I should do right now.4) 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰等修饰. This is the last thing (that) I want to do.5) 先行词既有人又有物时先行词既有人又有物时.They are talking about the things and persons (that) they came across in that country.3、关系代词的省略。除了在从句中作宾语的关系代词可、关系代词的省略。除了在从句中作宾语的关系代词可以省外，省以省外，省 略也存在于以下情况：略也存在于以下情况：1) 从句位于从句位于it is, that is, who is, here is和和there is后。后。 It is my students rapid progress (that) makes me happy.2)关系代词关系代词that/which在在there be句型中作主语时。句型中作主语时。 The number of motorcycles (that/which) there are in Xinfeng is simply astounding.3) 定语从句修饰定语从句修饰“最高级最高级/only + 名词名词”结构中的名词，结构中的名词，从句中的谓语又是从句中的谓语又是“ever + 过去时谓语时。过去时谓语时。 Can you tell me who was the first woman (that) ever climbed Mt. Jolmolungma?4)关系代词作定语从句中系动词的表语时。关系代词作定语从句中系动词的表语时。 What great changes! It is not the city (that) it was ten years ago.5)主句谓语为主句谓语为have(有有)，定语从句中的关系代词可省。，定语从句中的关系代词可省。 I have many friends will come to help me.5. 1983 The doctor _ is leaving for Africa next month.A.the nurse is talking to him B.B. whom the nurse is talking C. the nurse is talking to D. Who the nurse is talking6. 1985 He didnt know which room _. A.they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in7. 1992 In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom注：注：1. 分析定语从句的结构和搭配，注意含介词的引导词，分析定语从句的结构和搭配，注意含介词的引导词，其介词可放在引导词其介词可放在引导词whom, which前或在从句原来的位置前或在从句原来的位置上。介词不提前，其在从句中作宾语的引导词上。介词不提前，其在从句中作宾语的引导词who, whom, that, which可省。由此可见第五题应选可省。由此可见第五题应选C，第六题选第六题选B，第第七题选七题选D（从句中的词组搭配为从句中的词组搭配为turn to sb. for help）。）。但但含有介词的短语动词一般不能拆开，如含有介词的短语动词一般不能拆开，如look after, be made of, take part in, look forward to等。等。例：例：The babies (who/whom) the nurses look after look strong and happy.2. where可用可用at/in/to + which代替代替, when可用可用at/in/on/during + which代替代替, why可用可用for which代替代替, from where也可作引导词。也可作引导词。例：例：This is the school where/at which I used to teach. They stood at the window, where/from which they could see what was happening in the street. Sunday is a holiday, when/on which people do not go to work. Is there any reasons why/for which you should have a holiday.8. 1991 She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that9. 1994 The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it10.1999 Carol said the work could be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which11. 2000 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _ , of course, made the other unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what注注: 8、9、10、11这四题号的都是非限定性定语从句，答案这四题号的都是非限定性定语从句，答案都是都是which。当定语从句修饰的是整个主句或所修饰的名当定语从句修饰的是整个主句或所修饰的名词是独一无二的时候应用非限制性定语从句，先行词不指词是独一无二的时候应用非限制性定语从句，先行词不指人时，从句的引导词用人时，从句的引导词用which或者或者as，不用不用that。as和和which常可互换常可互换.12.I like the same book _ you do.13.I shall do it in the way _ you did.14.I want to have such a dictionary _ he has .15._ we all know, he studies very hard.16._ is known to all he is the best student in our class. A.Which B.As C.that D.which E.as注注:须用须用as而不用而不用which的情况：的情况：1.as句含有句含有“像像”“”“如如那样那样” ” as is expected, as you know/see, as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced; “as” 从句可放在句首；从句可放在句首；as引导的定语引导的定语 句含有说话人的看法和态度，此时不用句含有说话人的看法和态度，此时不用which。 2.在在“the same .as,such .as”等结构中。等结构中。 例例1.He works in a middle school, in front of _ there is a river. He works in a middle school. In front of _there is a river. A.it B.that C.which D.what 例例2. He has two daughters,and both of _ are teachers. He has two daughters, both of _ are teachers.A.who B.whom C.them D.that most of which/whom引导的定语从句属非限定性定语从引导的定语从句属非限定性定语从句，从句前应有逗号与主句分开，除句，从句前应有逗号与主句分开，除most外，还有外，还有many, some, any, all, none, several, few, both, half, the majority, a number, the youngest, three(数词数词) + of which/whom; in front of, in the middle of, at the back of, at the bottom of, on the top of, at the foot of + which等。等。二练习：二练习：1. To get the job started, _ I need is your permission.A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that2. Is this factory _ you visited the other day?A. which B. where C. to which D. the one3. You will have some spare time _ you can learn French at home.A. that B. which C. at which D. during which4. We ought to make friends with such people _ are kind and hard working.A. who B. as C. that D. whom5. I was so surprised that he returned home much earlier _ expected.A. as B. than C. which D. /6. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin.A. which B. that C. where D. as7. China is the birth place of kites, _ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.A. from where B. which C. where D. as8. That is the girl _ father has just been spoken.A. of whose B. of whom C. whose D. who9. Mayor will make an inspection of our school on Monday, _ you can tell him how hard the situation we are in.A. where B. which C. when D. that 10. We often think of the happiest days _ we spent together on the islandA. when B. which C. that D. during which11. Have you ever been to Shanghai, _ I left ten years ago? A. where B. which C. that D. when12. With a population of 774,000, it is one of the largest cities in the world _ cannot be reached by water. A. which B. where C. / D. that13. There is a mysterious dark lake, _ has never been measured. A. which depth B. as C. whose depth D. that14. Radium not only damaged their health but also made the laboratory equipment radioative_ they were working. A. with which B. which C. that D. by which15. He is one of the teachers who _ English but the only one of the teachers who _ French in our school. A. know knows B. knows know C. knows knows D. know know