语法专项复习语法专项复习-定语从句定语从句定语从句的构成定语从句的构成The old lady who lives next to us sells books.You should do all that I said.I have found the teacher whom I am looking for .I visited the factory where my father works.关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词先行词先行词 之后之后,用陈述式语序用陈述式语序“.的的”关系词关系词1.从句位置及语序从句位置及语序:2.翻译方法翻译方法:3.构成构成先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4.The school where I study is far from my home.the machine = thatthe boy =whothe boys =whosein the school = where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质the machinea machineJoin the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质a machine that /which关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday. herThe lady we saw yesterday is Green Who/that指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语that whichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略 看看用什么关系代词，是否可以省略：看看用什么关系代词，是否可以省略：1.我不喜欢我昨天买的这本书。我不喜欢我昨天买的这本书。I dont like the book that/which I bought yesterday.2. 我不喜欢我用来写字的墨水。我不喜欢我用来写字的墨水。I dont like the ink in which I write.1. 被他照顾的那个女孩是我的妹妹。被他照顾的那个女孩是我的妹妹。The girl whom/that/who he looks after is my sister.2.去年与我一起去长城的那个女孩是我的妹妹。去年与我一起去长城的那个女孩是我的妹妹。The girl with whom I went to the Great Wall is my sister. 填上适当的关系代词：填上适当的关系代词：1 窗户朝南的房间是我的。窗户朝南的房间是我的。The room whose windows face south is mine.2.这是我曾经见过的最高的男孩子这是我曾经见过的最高的男孩子This is the tallest boy that I have ever seen.4. 中国是一个有着中国是一个有着5000年历史的国家。年历史的国家。China is a great country, which has about 5000 years of history. 练习：练习：用所给单词的适当形式填空：用所给单词的适当形式填空：The girl who_( be) in red is my sister.单选：单选：Is the university _your elder brother will choose next year.A that B the one C the only D which1.当先行词是不定代词时当先行词是不定代词时,如如:All ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything, 等等只能用只能用that 做关系代词的情况做关系代词的情况2.当先行词被当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, any等修饰时等修饰时3.当人和物合做先行词时当人和物合做先行词时4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 5.在疑问词在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中开头的句子中在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中只能用只能用which 做关系代词的情况做关系代词的情况在介词后面在介词后面难用的难用的whosewhoseThe teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.whose =the students关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格难用的难用的whosewhoseThe house is mine. The window of the house is broken.The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the houses windowThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is broken关系副词和先行词的关系关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. I dont like the way that you speak. on the day =whenin the house= wherefor the reasons =whyin the way =that关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词1.He did all / everything _he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.4.He is the only man _ can do the work.5.This is the first thing _ I want to say.6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth. Exercise that , which or who?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat , which ,whose, whom or who?9.Is there anything else _ you want to say?10.Any person _ has the money can join the group.11.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _ made others upset.12.He opened the door, in front of _ sat a boy.13.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist.14.The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.thatthatwhichwhich whomwhoseBYE-BYE!