Unit 1How can we become good learners?1.1.How do people learn a foreign language?2.Do you have good ways to learn English?3.How can you improve your speaking, listening, reading and writing in English?2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.To learn to use verb + by To learn how to learn and how to learn English betterTo learn new words: textbook, conversation, aloud, pronunciation 11.Talk about how to learnLanguage GoalLanguage Goal12. _a. by working with friends _b. by making word cards _c. by reading the textbook _d. by listening to tapes _e. by asking the teacher for help1a Check () the ways you study English. Then add other ways you sometimes study.13.By speaking with foreignersBy watching English moviesBy making pal-friends with foreignersBy reading English newspaperBy reading English stories14.1b Listen. How do these students study for a test? Write letters from 1a above._1. Meiping _2. Peter _3. Tonybed15.1c Make conversations about how you study for a test.A: How do you study for a test?B: I study by working with a group.16.speaking English in classreading English textsHow do you study for a test?I study by17.listening to the radioHow do you study for a test?I study byCRIPair workPair work18.How do you study for a test?I study bykeeping English diaries19. by是个很常用的介词（有时也用作副词），是个很常用的介词（有时也用作副词）， 在初中英语中的用法有以下几种：在初中英语中的用法有以下几种： (1) 意为意为“在在旁旁”、“靠近靠近”。如：如： 他们在湖边画画。他们在湖边画画。 They are drawing by the lake. (2) 意为意为“不迟于不迟于”、“到到时为止时为止”。如：如： 他在晚饭前会好的。他在晚饭前会好的。 He will be all right by supper time. Language points20.(3) 表示表示方法、手段，可译作方法、手段，可译作“靠靠”、“用用” 、“凭借凭借”、“通过通过”、“乘坐乘坐”等。等。如：如：猴子用尾巴吊在树上。猴子用尾巴吊在树上。 The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail. (4) 用于被动句中，表示行为主体，常译用于被动句中，表示行为主体，常译 作作“被被”、“由由”等。等。如：如：许多人讲英语。许多人讲英语。 English is spoken by many people. 21.(5) 组成其它短语组成其它短语: 1) by the way : 意为意为“顺便说顺便说”、“顺便问顺便问一一 下下”，常做插入语。，常做插入语。如：如： 顺便问一下，李丽在哪儿？顺便问一下，李丽在哪儿？ By the way, wheres Lily? 2) by oneself : 意为意为“单独单独”、“自己自己”。如：如： 我不能把她单独留下。我不能把她单独留下。 I cant leave her by herself. 22.3) by and by : 意为意为“不久以后不久以后”、“不一会不一会 儿儿”。如：如： 不久以后，越来越多的人开始学英语了。不久以后，越来越多的人开始学英语了。 By and by, more and more people began to study English. 23.2a Listen and check () the questions you hear.QuestionsAnswers_ 1. Does anyone learn English by watching videos?_ 2. Do you have conversations with friends in English?_ 3. What about listening to tapes?_ 4. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?_5. Have you ever studied with a group?_dbca24.2b Listen again. Match each answer below with a question above.a. Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way.b.Oh, yes. It really improves my speaking skills.c. I do that sometimes. I think it helps.d. No. Its too hard to understand spoken English.25.Its too hard to understand spoken English.听懂英语口语太难了。听懂英语口语太难了。It +be +形容词形容词 +to do sth. “做某事是做某事是 的的”。English-speaking 说英语的说英语的26.Its too hard to understand the voices.l “too + 形容词形容词/副词副词 + to + 动词原形动词原形”结构，结构，意为意为“太太而不能而不能”，该句型用于肯，该句型用于肯定句，但表示否定的意义。定句，但表示否定的意义。He is too young to go to school.27.l tooto前面有前面有never，not，only，but等词时，或出现等词时，或出现too not to do的双重否定的双重否定时，否定词与不定式中的否定意义结合起来时，否定词与不定式中的否定意义结合起来构成了肯定意义。构成了肯定意义。Its never too old to learn.28.A: Have you ever studied with a group?B: Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way.2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b.29.A sample dialogue:S1: Have you ever practiced conversations with your friends?S2: Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way.S3: Have you ever read aloud to practice your pronunciation?S4: No, I havent. I think its too hard.30.Have you everread English magazines 31.Have you everworked with friends 32.Have you everlistened to English speeches33.1. 现在完成时的谓语形式现在完成时的谓语形式 have/has + 过去分词过去分词 I have lived here since I was born. 我一出生就生活在这里。我一出生就生活在这里。 现在完成时现在完成时34.2. 现在完成时的意义现在完成时的意义 强调过去动作对现在造成的影响和结果。强调过去动作对现在造成的影响和结果。 I have lost my keys. I cant find them anywhere. 表示某种动作或状态从过去某时开始，表示某种动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直持续到现在，而且还持续了一段时一直持续到现在，而且还持续了一段时间。间。 I have lived here since I was born. 35.3. 现在完成时的一般疑问句的构成现在完成时的一般疑问句的构成 直接将直接将have/has提到主语之前构成。提到主语之前构成。 They have finished the job already. Have they finished the job yet? 4. 现在完成时的否定句的构成现在完成时的否定句的构成 直接在直接在have/has之后加之后加not构成。构成。 They havent finished the job yet. 36.Jack: Annie, Im a little nervous. I have to finish reading a book and give a report next Monday.Annie: That doesnt sound too bad.Jack: But Im a very slow reader.Annie: Just read quickly to get the main ideas. Dont read word by word. Read word groups.Jack: But I dont understand many of the words. I have to use a dictionary.2d Role-play the conversation.37.Annie: Try to guess a words meaning by reading the sentences before and after it. You probably understand more than you think.Jack: That sounds difficult!Annie: Well, be patient. It takes time. You can become better by reading something you enjoy every day. The more you read, the faster youll be. 38.Annie, Im a little nervous.安妮，我有点紧张。安妮，我有点紧张。a little 可直接修饰不可数名词。可直接修饰不可数名词。a bit 修饰名词时其后须加修饰名词时其后须加of,即即a bit of ,后接不可数名词。后接不可数名词。I drank a little milk just now.=I drank a bit of milk just now. Explanations39.That doesnt sound too bad. 那听上去不算太糟糕。那听上去不算太糟糕。sound用作连系动词，用作连系动词，“听起来听起来”，其后长跟，其后长跟形容词。形容词。英语中常用的连系动词英语中常用的连系动词一是（一是（be）,一感（一感（feel）,一保持（一保持（keep）,起来四个（起来四个（sound ,look, smell, taste）,好像（好像（seem）变了仨（）变了仨（ get, turn , become）.40.The more you read , the faster youll be.你读书越多，你（读书的速度）就会越快。你读书越多，你（读书的速度）就会越快。“the +比较级，比较级，the +比较级比较级”意为意为“越越,就就越越”.(重庆中考重庆中考) The more you smile, the _ you will feel.A.happy B. happier C. happily D. more happilyB41.by asking the teacher for help 通过向老师求助通过向老师求助by介词，介词，“通过，靠通过，靠”，其后可接名词，其后可接名词， 代词或动词代词或动词-ing形式形式。ask sb. for help “向某人求助向某人求助”。（2013.乌鲁木齐）乌鲁木齐）Why not _ your teacher for help when you cant finish _ the story by yourself? A. to ask ; write B. to ask ; writing C. ask; writing D. asking ; to writeC42.Do you have conversations with friends in English? 你和朋友用英语交谈吗？你和朋友用英语交谈吗？have conversations with sb.”与某人交谈与某人交谈/会话会话”How kind you are ! You always do what you can _ others.A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help D43.3a Read the passage about Wei Fen and answer the questions.1.Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?2. What did she do in English class?3. What is the secret to language learning?Because the teacher spoke so quickly that she didnt understand her.She just hid behind her textbook and never said anything.Listening to something interesting is the secretto language learning.44.Last year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just hid behind my textbook and never said anything.Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie! So I began to45.watch other English movies, too. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning. I also realized I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. My pronunciation improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. I also learned useful sentences like “Its a piece of cake” 46.or “It serves you right.” I did not understand these sentences at first. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary.Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.47.1. Why did Wei Fan find it difficult to learn English?为什么魏芬发现学英语很难？为什么魏芬发现学英语很难？“find + it +adj. +to do sth.”发现做某事发现做某事”(2012.山东滨州山东滨州) My pen pal Andrew found it difficult _ Chinese well.A. Learning B. learn C. to learn D. learnedLanguage pointsC48.2. What is the secret to language learning?语言学习的秘诀是什么？语言学习的秘诀是什么？the secret to “的秘诀的秘诀” 其中其中to 为介词为介词, 表表示所属，意为示所属，意为“的的.secret 在此处用作可在此处用作可数名词，意为数名词，意为 “秘密；秘诀秘密；秘诀”。Her age is a secret to us all.49.1. be afraid to害怕去做害怕去做; 不敢去做不敢去做【语境领悟语境领悟】*But I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. 但是因为我糟糕的发音但是因为我糟糕的发音, 我害怕问问题。我害怕问问题。*Betty is afraid of the dark, so she is afraid to go out alone at night. 贝贝蒂蒂怕怕黑黑, 所所以以她她晚晚上上不不敢敢单单独出去。独出去。50.【自主归纳自主归纳】(1)be afraid to do sth. 意意为为“由由于于害害怕怕而而不不敢做某事敢做某事”。(2)be afraid of . . . 意意为为“害害怕怕/担担心心”, 后接名词、代词或动词后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。形式。51.【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)be afraid +that从从句句, 意意为为“恐恐怕怕; 担担心心”, 常表示委婉的语气常表示委婉的语气, 口语中口语中that可省略。可省略。Im afraid that it will rain tomorrow. 我我担担心心明天会下雨。明天会下雨。(2)Im afraid so. 意意为为“恐恐怕怕如如此此”。多多用用于于情景对话情景对话, 对别人的提问作出推测式回答。对别人的提问作出推测式回答。(3)Im afraid not. 意为意为“恐怕不是恐怕不是”。52.【图解助记图解助记】 be afraid of与与be afraid to的区别的区别53.【学以致用学以致用】安娜害怕狗安娜害怕狗, 因此她不敢养宠物狗。因此她不敢养宠物狗。Anna_ _ _ the dog, so she_ _ _ have a pet dog. 答案答案: is afraid of; is afraid to54.2. look up(在在词词典典、参参考考书书中中或或通通过过电电脑脑)查查阅阅; 抬头看抬头看【语境领悟语境领悟】*I looked them up in a dictionary. 我在词典中查阅它们。我在词典中查阅它们。*You can look up this word in the vocabulary. 你可以在词汇表里查这个词。你可以在词汇表里查这个词。55.【自主归纳自主归纳】look up意意为为“(在在词词典典、参参考考书书中中或或通通过过电电脑脑)查查阅阅; 抬抬头头看看”, 是是“动动词词+副副词词”结结构构的的动动词词短短语语。_ (代代词词/名名词词)作作宾宾语语时时, 须须放放在在look up中中间间; 名名词词作作宾宾语时语时, 放在副词放在副词up之前或之后均可。之前或之后均可。答案答案: 代词代词56.【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 由由look构成的相关短语构成的相关短语57.【学以致用学以致用】(2013杭杭州州中中考考)This morning I _ some new restaurants on the Internet for I wanted to take Mia to a nice restaurant for her birthday. A. picked up B. looked upC. cleaned up D. gave up58.【备选要点备选要点】I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. 我我发发现现听听一一些些有有趣趣的的东东西西是是语语言言学学习习的的秘秘诀。诀。59.【句型剖析句型剖析】本本句句是是含含有有宾宾语语从从句句的的主主从从复复合合句句, 从从句句中中动动名名词词短短语语作主语作主语, 其句子结构如下图所示其句子结构如下图所示: 60.【自主归纳自主归纳】(1)动动词词-ing形形式式在在句句中中起起名名词词作作用用时时, 称称为为动名词。动名词。动动名名词词可可以以有有自自己己的的定定语语、宾宾语语或或状状语语, 一一起起构构成成动动名名词词短短语语。动动名名词词(短短语语)在在句句中中可可以作主语、表语、宾语等。以作主语、表语、宾语等。(2)动动名名词词(短短语语)作作主主语语时时, 谓谓语语动动词词要要用用单单数形式。数形式。61.【学以致用学以致用】大声朗读能提高你的口语表达技能。大声朗读能提高你的口语表达技能。_ _ can help you improve your speaking skills. 吃水果和蔬菜有益健康。吃水果和蔬菜有益健康。Eating fruit and vegetables_ good for health. 答案答案: Reading aloudis62.4. Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie! 之后一天，我看之后一天，我看了一部名为了一部名为玩具总动员玩具总动员的英文电影。我的英文电影。我爱上了这部令人兴奋而有趣的电影！爱上了这部令人兴奋而有趣的电影！ called Toy Story. 为过去分词短语作后置定为过去分词短语作后置定 语，修饰名词语，修饰名词movie. fall in love with “爱上某人爱上某人/某物某物”。同义于。同义于“be in love with, 意为与意为与相爱相爱”，表状态。，表状态。 They fell in love with each other after working together. 63.5. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.我想学习新单词和更多的语法，以便我可以我想学习新单词和更多的语法，以便我可以更好地理解英文电影。更好地理解英文电影。so that “以便；为了以便；为了”so that. “如此如此以至于以至于”You have to leave now _ you can catch the early bus.A. so that B. as soon as C. because D. ifA64.3b Complete the sentences with what Wei Fen learned from watching movies. Use words and phrases from the passage.1. I can understand the meaning by watching their_ and the _ on their faces.2. I can get the meaning by listening for just the _ .body language expressions key words 65.3.My pronunciation improved by listening to the_ in English movies.4. I learned _ sentences like “Its a piece of cake” by watching the movies.5. I can find the meaning of the new words by looking them up in a _.conversations usefuldictionary66.Now, lets summarize some ways of learning English.67.A. Listening listening to English tapeslistening to English radioslistening to English songs68.B. Speaking speaking English in classspeaking English outside class69.speaking Englishaloud speaking English crazily70.speaking English with a foreignerspeaking English with friends71.reading English textbooksreading English notes72.C. Readingreading Englishaloud reading Englishcrazily73.reading Englishnewspapers reading Englishmagazines74.D. Writing writing English compositions writing/taking English notes75.writing/keeping diaries in Englishwriting emailsto your friends 76.E. Watching watching English filmswatching English TVwatching English DVDs77.asking the classmates for helpF. Asking asking the teacher for help78.making flash-cards G. Making/Doingmaking vocabulary listsdoing a lot of exercises79.memorizing the wordsH. Memorizing80.根据汉语提示用正确形式填空。根据汉语提示用正确形式填空。1. Do you have any _ (单词卡单词卡)?2. Please read _ (大声地大声地), I cant hear you. 3. Your _ (发音发音) sounds good. 4. English _ (语法语法) is very important. word cardsaloudpronunciationgrammar81.1. Listen! Someone is knocking at the door _ (loudly, aloud).2. Children put out the fire _ (with, by) pouring water on it. 3. Im sorry. I cant _ (pronunciation, pronounce) this word.从括号中选择适当的词汇完成句子。从括号中选择适当的词汇完成句子。loudlybypronounce82.1. _ you ever _ (ask) your teachers questions? No, never.2. Were too tired. What about _ (have) a rest? Thats a good idea.3. I often study by _ (work) with a group in class.用所给单词的适当形式填空。用所给单词的适当形式填空。Haveaskedhavingworking83.4. We felt very _ (excite) when we heard the good news.5. This math problem is too hard for me _ (work) out.6. The students are having fun _ (speak) English in class.7. His sister gets excited about _ (go) to Beijing alone.excitedto workspeakinggoing84. 单项选择单项选择1. The foreigner spoke _ quickly _ I could hardly understand him. A. too; toB. such; thatC. so; that D. very; that2. Jenny learns new words by _ in a dictionary. A. looking up it B. looking up themC. looking for it D. looking them up85.3. I find _ difficult to learn English well in a short time. A. that B. this C. it D. them4. _did you tell her about the news? By sending an e-mail. A. What B. Why C. When D. How5. We can learn English by practice _ it. A. use B. using C. used D. to use86. 完成句子完成句子1. 李雷通过与同学进行对话来练习说的技能。李雷通过与同学进行对话来练习说的技能。Li Lei practices speaking skills_ _ _ with his classmates. 2. 曾经因为我糟糕的发音曾经因为我糟糕的发音, 我害怕在课堂上说英语。我害怕在课堂上说英语。I was once_ _ speak English in class_ _ my poor pronunciation. 答答案案: 1. by having conversations 2. afraid to; because of87.3. 我们可以通过读英文报纸和杂志学习新单词。我们可以通过读英文报纸和杂志学习新单词。We can learn new words_ _ English newspapers and magazines. 4. 看英文电影也是学习英语的一种好方法。看英文电影也是学习英语的一种好方法。_ English movies_ also a good way to learn English. 5. 我通常通过记笔记和记忆句型来学习英语语法。我通常通过记笔记和记忆句型来学习英语语法。I usually learn English grammar_ _ notes and_ sentence patterns. 答案答案: 3. by reading4. Watching; is5. by taking; memorizing88.