Period Grammar过去分词用法()：作状语和定语Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first fewdays.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.Soon I was back on my feet again and following him tocollect a hovering carriage driven by computer.I found later that their leaves provided the room withmuch-needed oxygen.一、过去分词作状语过去分词有两大特点：一是表示被动；二是表示动作已完成。过去分词作状语修饰谓语动词，说明动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。过去分词(短语)常可作以下几种状语：1时间状语：可转换为时间状语从句，也可在过去分词前加上连词 when, while, until 等，使其时间意义更明确。如：Seen from the hill, the surroundings of these villages lookvery beautiful.(When they are seen from the hill, the surroundings of thesevillages look very beautiful.)从山上看，这些村庄的环境非常美丽。2原因状语：可转换为 as, since, because 等引导的原因状语从句。如句可转换为：As/Since I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled forthe first few days.因为担心这次旅行，头几天我心里总是不踏实。As/Since I was exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.由于太累了，我爬上床很快就睡着了。3条件状语：前面可加连词 if, unless 等，也可转换为条件状语从句。如：Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.(If they had been given more attention, the cabbages couldhave grown better.)多花些精力，这些卷心菜会长得更好。4 让 步 状 语 ： 有 时 可 加 although, though, even if, eventhough, whether.or. 等连词，也可转换为让步状语从句。如：Though warned of the storm, the farmers were still working inthe fields.( Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmerswere still working in the fields.)虽然农民已被警告将有暴风雨，但他们仍在地里干活。This material doesnt expand whether heated or not.(This material doesnt expand whether it is heated or not.)这种物质无论加热与否均不膨胀。5方式状语：若有连词 as if，可转换为 as if 引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，可转换为并列结构。如：He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.(He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.)他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。“She is right，” he said, pleased.(“She is right，” he said, and he was pleased.)他高兴地说：“她是对的。”6伴随状语：一般可转换为并列结构。如：The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of hisstudents.(The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed bya group of his students.)老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。二、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语多表示已完成的动作，还可表示被动。当作定语时，单个分词一般放在所修饰的名词之前，如句；分词短语则必须放在所修饰的名词之后，相当于一个定语从句，如 句 中 的 driven by computer that/which was driven bycomputer。一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1What about the speech _ (give) by the presidentlast night?Wonderful.2 _ (ask) why she gave up her well-paid job, MissGreen said that she wanted to be a primary school teacher.3 When first _ (introduce) to the market, theseproducts enjoyed great success.4 If _ (keep) for too long, some medicine will losegiven Asked introduced kept their effectiveness.5 _ (face) with so much trouble, we failed tocomplete the task on time.6 We are going to put forward the suggestion _(discuss) at the last meeting.7 It is known to all that the United States is the most_ (advance) country in the world.8Some of them, _ (bear) and _ (bring) up inthe small village, had never seen a train.9 Though _(defeat) by the young player for thesecond time, he didnt lose heart.Faced discussed advanced born brought defeated 10_ (absorb) in the research work, he had no time totake part in any activities.11The _ (injure) workers are taken good care of inthe hospital.12The students have swept up the _ (fall) leaves.Absorbed injured fallen 二、将下列从句改为过去分词短语作状语A时间状语1Generally speaking, when the drug is taken according to thedirections, it has no side effect._2 When the sunrise was seen from the top of Mount Tai, itwas indeed a spectacle._ Generally speaking, taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. Seen from the top of Mount Tai, the sunrise was indeed a spectacle.B原因状语3Since we are greatly encouraged by what the teacher said,we have made up our mind to study even harder._4As she was given advice by the famous detective, the younglady was no longer afraid._ Greatly encouraged by what the teacher said, we have made up our mind to study even harder. Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. C条件状语5If we are united, we will overcome any trouble._6 If I had been given more time, I would have solved themath problem._If united, we will overcome any trouble.Given more time, I would have solved the math problem.D让步状语7Though he was left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraidat all._8 Though he has been encouraged by his parents severaltimes, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties._Though left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all. Though encouraged by his parents several times, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties. E方式状语9He seems as if he were hit by the lightning._10 Hearing the news, the girl turned away, and she wasdisappointed._He seems as if hit by the lightning. Hearing the news, the girl turned away, disappointed.F伴随状语11The monitor came into the classroom, and he was followedby a group of his fellow students._12The film star got off the train, and she was surrounded byher fans._ The monitor came into the classroom, followed by a group of his fellow students.The film star got off the train, surrounded by her fans.