Section Warming Up & ReadingLanguage Points要点透析讲练互动要点透析讲练互动词汇精研词汇精研词汇精研词汇精研come about易混辨析易混辨析come about/happen/take place/break out/occurcome about强调强调“偶然发生偶然发生”，也指差别、争，也指差别、争论的产生。常用于疑问句和否论的产生。常用于疑问句和否定定句句.happen是普通用语，指是普通用语，指“偶然发生偶然发生”常用常用于于sth.happen (to sb.)结构；也有结构；也有“碰巧是，恰好是碰巧是，恰好是”的意思，用于的意思，用于it happens that.或或sb./sth.happen to be/do sth.结构中。结构中。take place指指“按计划、安排做按计划、安排做”；可引申为；可引申为“进行，举行进行，举行”。break out指指“(战争、火灾、疾病等战争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生，突然发生，爆发爆发”。occur可指可指“偶然发生偶然发生”，也指，也指“计划发生某计划发生某事事”；occur还表示还表示“突然想到突然想到”，常，常用于用于it occurs to sb.that.结构。结构。【注意】come about常构成How did it come about that.？句式，意为“怎么回事？某事是怎么发生的？”。 2. subscribe to同意；赞成；订购(教材原句)All scientists _the view that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy.所有的科学家赞同这种观点：人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料(如煤、天然气和石油等)，从而引起了地球温度的升高。subscribe toI subscribed to your opinion completely.我完全赞成你的意见。I subscribed to a monthly magazine.我订阅了一份月刊杂志。归纳拓展subscribe(vi.) 同意；捐赠；订阅 (vt.) (签署)文件；捐助subscribe to sth.同意；订阅；向捐款subscribe.to.在上签署；向捐 He subscribes to the view that children benefit from being independent.他赞同孩子们能从独立中获益这一观点。We subscribe to all the main medical journals.我们订阅所有主要的医学杂志。He subscribed his name to the contract.他在合同上签名。He has subscribed much money to the flooded area.他向洪水灾区捐了大量的钱。came about/happenedtook placehappenedbroke outoccurred解析：选C。这句话的意思是“10点了，我很奇怪这么短的路程她怎么会迟到两个小时”。.how it_应该是“怎么会发生”的意思。come over 是“过来”的意思；come out 是“出来、生长”的意思；come up是“过来，出现”的意思；只有come about有“发生”的意思。(2)The accident _ to the man who _ to be a foreigner，so it is hard to deal with.Aoccurs；happened Bhappened；occurredCcame about；occurred Doccurred；happened解析：选D。occur to sb.happen to sb.发生在某人身上；happen to be恰好是。21完成句子(1)As a successful businessman，Chen Guangbiao _(向捐款) the relief fund every year.(2)He refused to _(在上签名) the document.subscribes tosubscribe his name to22单项填空(1)_ I believe in you, I dont _ your view _ she is failing to find a wellpaid job again.AWhen；submit；which BAs；subscribe for；whereCIf；apply for；/ DWhile；subscribe to；that解析：选D。句意：尽管我信任你，但是我不赞成你认为她再也找不到好工作的看法。while虽然、尽管，subscribe to赞成、同意，that引导同位语从句，修饰view。(2)We _ all his optimism to the state of the current economy of our country because we have faith in our government.Aoppose to Bcontribute toCsubscribe to Dreact to解析：选C。句意：我们都赞成他对我们国家目前的经济形势的乐观主义，因为我们对政府有信心。A表示反对；B表示贡献；C表示赞成，支持；D表示对作出反应。3. quantityn量，数量(教材原句)The problem begins when we add huge _of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们在大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。Quantities of food were on the table.桌子上有许多食物。There is a quantity of books on the shelf.架子上有很多书。quantities归纳拓展(2)功能功能单词单词/词组词组修饰可数名修饰可数名词词many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large number of, large numbers of, many a修饰不可数修饰不可数名词名词much, a great deal of, a little, a large amount of, amounts of修饰可数和修饰可数和不可数名词不可数名词some, a lot of/lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, large quantities of(3)词组词组修饰名词修饰名词谓语动词谓语动词quantities of可数、不可数可数、不可数复数复数amounts of不可数不可数a large quantity of可数、不可数可数、不可数单数单数a large amount of不可数不可数【注意】in quantityin large amount/in large quantities 大量地，成批地，很多Its a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity.如果你大量购买要便宜得多。Quantities/Amounts of water have been polluted.A large quantity/amount of water has been polluted.大量的水被污染了。Quantities of mail bags have been found.A large quantity of mail bags has been found.大量的邮包被找到了。4. tendvi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理(教材原句)It means that more heat energy _to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.这意味着更多的热量要被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。He tends to get angry when people disagree to his plan.别人反对他的计划时，他就容易生气。tendsWomen tend to live longer than men.女人往往比男人长寿。One tends to make mistakes when tired.人累了就容易出错。归纳拓展The river here tends eastward.这条河从这里向东流。His views tend to/towards the extreme.他的观点趋于偏激。She tended (to) her son carefully during his illness.在儿子生病期间，她无微不至地照顾他。31单句改错(1)The number of students were praised by their teachers._(2)A large amount of rice were sent to the front._TheAwerewas(3)There is quantities of apples in the basket._32单项填空单项填空(1)Why does the lake smell terrible?Because large quantities of water _Ahave pollutedBis being pollutedisareChas been polluted Dhave been polluted解析：选解析：选D。“quantities of可数名词复可数名词复数数/不不可可数数名名词词”作作主主语语，其其谓谓语语动动词词用用复复数形式；数形式；water与与pollute呈被动关系。呈被动关系。(2)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year.Ais washing away Bis being washed awayCare washing away Dare being washed away解解析析：选选D。根根据据with复复合合结结构构判判断断，森森林林正正在在被被毁毁坏坏，因因此此大大量量的的好好土土正正在在被被冲冲走走。 所所以以应应用用现现在在进进行行时时的的被被动动语语态态。主主语语为为quantities，所以谓语动词用复数。，所以谓语动词用复数。41单项填空单项填空(1)(2012青岛高二检测青岛高二检测)When I watch NBA, I _ to focus on the players like LeBron James and Kobe Bryant.Aused BturnCtend Dintend解析：选解析：选C。句意：当我看。句意：当我看NBA比赛时，我比赛时，我倾向于集中注意力于像勒布朗倾向于集中注意力于像勒布朗詹姆斯和科詹姆斯和科比比布莱恩特的球员。布莱恩特的球员。tend to do sth.表表示示“倾倾向向于于做做某某事事”；而而used to表表示示过过去去的的习习惯惯而而现现在在不不做做了了，与与前前面面的的watch不不符符；turn to do sth.转转过过头头来来做做某某事事；intend to do sth.打打算算要要做做某某事事，与题意不符。与题意不符。(2)A sudden change in temperature _ to bring rain or snow.Agets BturnsChopes Dtends解析：选解析：选D。tend to do易于易于， 句意：句意：温度的突然变化易于带来雨或雪。温度的突然变化易于带来雨或雪。5. go up上升；增长；升起(教材原句)It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to _这意味着更多的热量要被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。go up归纳拓展6. result in导致(教材原句)They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has _in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同下述观点：正是由于越来越多地燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。resultedOur efforts resulted in success.我们的努力最终带来了成功。The terrible accident resulted in the deaths of two passengers.那起可怕的意外事故造成两名乘客死亡。归纳拓展result from起因于，因而造成as a result 结果，因此as a result of 作为的结果without result 毫无结果地【注意】(1)result in的同义词有：cause, lead to, bring about。 (2)result from与lie in同义。51用go短语的适当形式填空(1)As time _，our supply is running out.(2)With more and more farmers growing this kind of vegetable，the price of it is _goes bygoing down(3)_ your lessons carefully before you take the exam.(4)Shes _ a difficult time recently.(5)How long can a human being _ food?Go overgo withoutgone through52单项填空单项填空(1)Do you think that housing price will keep _ in the years to come?Sorry，I have no idea.Alifting upBgoing upCbringing up Dgrowing up解析：选解析：选B。lift up举起，抬高；举起，抬高；go up上上升升，上上涨涨；bring up(及及物物动动词词词词组组)抚抚育育；grow up长长大大(生生长长、发发育育)。句句意意：“你你认认为为在在未未来来几几年年中中房房价价会会持持续续上上涨涨吗吗？”“”“抱抱歉，我不清楚。歉，我不清楚。”(2)Each time cigarettes _ in price, Tom makes up his mind to give up smoking.Arise up Bgo upClift up Draise up解析：选解析：选B。rise up“起来起来”；go up“上上升，增长升，增长”；lift up“举起，吊起举起，吊起”；raise通常不与通常不与up连用。句意：每次香烟的价格上连用。句意：每次香烟的价格上涨，汤姆就决定戒烟。涨，汤姆就决定戒烟。61用result in，result from的适当形式填空(1)The accident _ 10 deaths.(2)The accident _ his careless driving.62同义句转换His failure resulted from not working hard enough.resulted inresulted fromNot working hard enough _/_ his failure.He didnt work hard_， he failed._his not working hard enough, he failed.resulted inled toAs a resultAs a result of63单项填空单项填空My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever；_，he could neither eat nor sleep.Aas a result Bafter allCanyway Dotherwise解析：选解析：选A。as a result结果，因此；结果，因此；after all毕竟；毕竟；anyway无论如何；无论如何；otherwise否否则。则。7. opposevt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(教材原句)On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley，who are _to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.在另一方面，还有一些人，像科学家乔治汉布利，反对上面的观点他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。opposedThe mother opposed her daughters going there alone.这位母亲反对她女儿一个人去那儿。Who is opposing you in the match? 谁和你比赛？归纳拓展oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事opposed (adj.) 反对的；对立的be opposed to 反对opposite (adj.) 对面的；另一边的opposition (n.) 反对；反抗She seems very much opposed to your going abroad.她好像很反对你出国。Im strongly opposed to your plan.我坚决反对你的计划。易混辨析oppose/objectoppose语气强于语气强于object，多指反对一些较重，多指反对一些较重大的事情，隐含其正当性。常用于大的事情，隐含其正当性。常用于be opposed to (doing) sth.结构中结构中object因厌恶或反感而反对，但不一定明因厌恶或反感而反对，但不一定明显地表露出来。常用于显地表露出来。常用于object to (doing) sth.结构中。结构中。He doesnt oppose the plan at all.他根他根本不反对这个计划。本不反对这个计划。She objects to being scolded in public.她不想被当众谴责。她不想被当众谴责。【注意注意】(1)oppose doing sth.与与object to doing sth.同义。同义。(2)be opposed to与与be against同义。同义。8. consequencenC结果；后果；影响(教材原句)They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental _他们预言说，变暖的情况不会很严重，对环境的影响也不会太坏。If you stick to that，you shall answer for the consequences.consequences如果你坚持那样，你要对后果负责。Your decision will bring longlasting consequences.你的决定将会带来深远的影响。归纳拓展as a consequence of/in consequence of.as a result of.因为；由于in consequence as a consequence as a result因此；结果take the consequences承担后果In consequence of your bad manners, I will punish you.由于你的坏行为，我将惩罚你。He broke the law, and now he must face the consequences of his actions.他触犯了法律，现在必须承担自己的行为带来的后果。易混辨析consequence/resultconsequence 指随之而发生的结果、后果。指随之而发生的结果、后果。result指最后的结果，与指最后的结果，与cause(原因原因)相对。相对。Her illness is the consequence of overwork.她生病是因为过度劳累。My investigations were without result.我的调查毫无结果。71完成句子(1)我将反对改变这条法规。I would _ the law.(2)我不喜欢别人那样对我说话。I _like that.(3)我反对熬夜到太晚。I _too late.oppose changingobject to being spoken tooppose/am opposed to staying.72单项填空After the professor_out the project，the media focused on it.A.was opposed to carryingB.was opposed to carryC.opposed to carryD.opposed to carrying,解析：选A。be opposed to表示“反对”其中to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或者动名词。句意：教授反对实施这项工程后，媒体都注意这件事。名师微博be opposed to与object to中的to是_。介词介词解析：选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你坚持像那样吸那么多烟的话，迟早会遭受其后果。consequence意为“结果；后果”（2）（2012 临沂高二检测）In _ of the heavy snow，there was a power off yesterday.A.consequence B.result C.lack D.case解析：选A。考查固定搭配。句意：由于下大雪，昨天断电了。B、C搭配错误；in consequence of “由于”；in case of “以防万一”。由句意可知选A(3) your bad work，I am forced to dismiss you.A.In consequence of B.BecauseC.As consequence of D.In account of解析：选A。in consequence of因为；由于；because因为，引导从句；C、D项结构不 对，应为as a consequence of/on account of。9. statevt.陈述，说明陈述，说明(教教材材原原句句)In fact，Hambley _，“More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing.”汉汉布布利利实实际际上上是是这这样样说说的的：“二二氧氧化化碳碳含含量量的的增增加加实实际际上上是是件件好好事事”Chairman Hu Jintao stated that China and Russia were developing a stable relationship.国家主席胡锦涛宣布中俄正在发展稳定的关国家主席胡锦涛宣布中俄正在发展稳定的关系。系。states归纳拓展(n.)常用单数情况；状态in a(n).state处于的状态By the time she got home，she was in a terrible state.她到家的时候，状态十分糟糕。We are collecting data on the state of the environment.我们正在收集有关环境状况的数据。10 . rangenC种类；范围；幅度；界限；山脉；射程(教材原句).it will encourage a greater _of animals.它会促进动物种类增多There are a wide range of color TV sets on sale in this supermarket.这家超市出售各种型号的彩色电视机。rangeWe have students from a wide range of backgrounds.我们的学生来自各种不同的背景。The houses within this price range are sold out.在这个价格范围之内的房子已售完。(1)a range of.一一系列系列within range 在范围内；在射程内在范围内；在射程内in/within the range of. 在在范围内范围内out/outside of the range of. 在在范围外范围外；在在射程外射程外(2)(v.) (在一定范围内在一定范围内)变动，变化；排列变动，变化；排列range from.to.在在范围内变化或变动；范围内变化或变动； 从从延伸到延伸到range between.and. 在在和和范围内变动范围内变动归纳拓展归纳拓展助助记排列排列 系列；山脉系列；山脉 (变动变动)范围；范围；幅度幅度 射程射程I would expect a salary in the range of $ 25，000 to $ 30，000.我希望有一份在我希望有一份在2.5万到万到3万美元之间的工资。万美元之间的工资。Between Italy and France, there is a mountain range called the Alps.在意大利和法国之间有一列山脉叫阿尔卑斯山。There are two hundred boys ranging from seven to fourteen in age.有年龄从七岁到十四岁的两百个男孩。91单项填空(1)(2012南昌二中高二期末考试)She is in _ poor _ of health, which worries her mother much.Aa; conditionB/；stateC/；position Da；state解析：选D。考查condition与state的辨析。句意：她健康状况很差，这使得她母亲很担心。in a(n) .state意为“处于的状态”；be in good/bad condition意为“状况好/坏”。(2)The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly _. Aatmosphere BstateCsituation Dphenomenon(3)The report _ the importance of protecting the environment.Astarts BstatesCtells Dsays101完成句子完成句子最好呆在录音设备所及范围之内。最好呆在录音设备所及范围之内。Its best to stay _ recording equipment.102单项填空单项填空(1)(2010高高考考湖湖北北卷卷)This restaurant has become popular for its wide _ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.in/within the range of Adivision BareaCrange Dcircle(2)(2012元济高二检测)My grandpa has many hobbies which _ from collecting stamps to planting flowers.Arange BrangedCvary Dvaries解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的祖父有许多爱好，从集邮到种花不等。B、D两项明显错误；range from.to.“在到范围内变化”；vary from.to.“由到不等”。11. build up聚集；集结；增加；逐步建立(教材原句)Greenhouse gases continue to _in the atmosphere.温室气体继续在大气层中聚集。After 4 oclock，the traffic begins to build up.四点钟后，交通开始拥挤起来。build up归纳拓展build up ones strength增强体力As we rise slowly，potential energy is built up.我们在慢慢上升时，势能也在增加。You need to build up your strength.你需要养精蓄锐。Promote physical culture and build up the peoples health.发展体育运动，增强人民体质。12. keep on继续(教材原句)Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to _warming for decades or centuries.keep onShe kept on asking me what the time was.她一直在问我几点钟了。He kept on talking after the bell rang for class.上课铃响后他还在继续讲着。归纳拓展keep away from远离keep an eye on 注意，监视 keep back 阻止，阻挡；扣下，留下keep fit 保持健康keep.in mind 记住keep in touch with 与保持联系keep off 避开，不接近避开，不接近keep up with 赶上，跟上，不落后赶上，跟上，不落后易混辨析易混辨析keep doing/keep on doingkeep doing强调动作的连续不断；强调动作的连续不断；doing不能是瞬不能是瞬间动作。间动作。keep on doing强调反复性和决心；强调反复性和决心；doing既可以是瞬既可以是瞬间动作也可以是持续性动作间动作也可以是持续性动作。但但其后不接状态动词。其后不接状态动词。We kept working in the fields in spite of the rain.尽管下雨，我们还是坚持在地里干活。Mr.Wang kept on explaining until the students understood.王先生反复地解释直到学生们听懂了为止。111完成句子（1）试试让他增加对自己的信心。Try and _a bit.（2）参加体育活动增强体力。Take part in the physical exercises and_.（3）在小的港湾里，永远也不会形成大的波涛。build up his confidencebuild up your strengthIn a small bay big waves will never _.（4）我要努力工作建设祖国。I wanted to work to _.（5）有一天你的书会聚集成一座图书馆。 One day your books will _ into a library.build upbuild up my countrybuild up112单项填空（1）Practising Chinese kung fu can not only_ones strength，but also develop ones character. A.bring upB.take upC.build up D.pull up解解析析：选选C。句句意意：练练习习中中国国功功夫夫不不仅仅可可以以增增强强体体质质，还还可可以以培培养养一一个个人人的的性性格格。build up作作“逐渐增强逐渐增强”讲，符合题意。其余三讲，符合题意。其余三项项：bring up提提出出，抚抚养养；take up拿拿起起；接接受受；开开始始；继继续续；占占据据；pull up拔拔出出；（车辆）停止，均不符合语境。（车辆）停止，均不符合语境。（2）All the pressure _and he was off work for weeks with stress.A.picked up B.made upC.built up D.put up121用适当的介、副词填空（1）Keep _the fierce animals when visiting the zoo.（2）She couldnt keep _her tears when she was done wrong.（3）Close the door to keep the dog _.away frombackout（4）Keep _the grass.（5）Its hard for the old to keep_ the social changes. 122单项填空Though it was raining，we _working until it was finished.A.kept up B.kept fromC.kept on D.kept outoffup with解解析析：选选C。考考查查短短语语辨辨析析。keep up保保持持，维维持持；keep.from阻阻止止；keep on继继续续；keep.out把把挡挡在在外外面面。句句意意：尽尽管管在在下雨，我们坚持工作直到完成。下雨，我们坚持工作直到完成。13. glancevi.看一下；扫视nC一瞥(教材原句)_ quickly at the magazine article and answer the questions.快速浏览这篇杂志文章并回答问题。Glance归纳拓展glance at向一瞥glance over/through 浏览at first glance/sight 乍一看give/take a glance (at) (朝)一瞥He glanced at the envelope and recognized his uncles handwriting.他瞥了一眼那个信封，认出是他叔叔的笔记。I only had time to glance at the newspapers.我只来得及浏览了一下报纸。At first glance the problem seemed easy.乍一看问题似乎很简单。易混辨析glance at/stare at/gaze at/glare at/glimpse atglance at 扫视，强调看的时间短扫视，强调看的时间短stare at因好奇、惊讶等盯着看，有时是无因好奇、惊讶等盯着看，有时是无礼的礼的gaze at(出于惊讶、喜悦等出于惊讶、喜悦等)凝视凝视glare at怒视怒视(强调敌对、威胁的态度强调敌对、威胁的态度)glimpse at无意识的一瞥，看到的粗略印象，无意识的一瞥，看到的粗略印象，强调结果强调结果131完成句子（1）Its impolite _（盯着看）foreign visitors in the street.（2）I lay back on the sand and _（凝视）the stars above.（3）Mary _（扫视） her watch and left quickly.（4）The teacher _（怒视） the boy who always made trouble in class.to stare atgazed atglance atglared at132单项填空（2012许昌高二检测）She was so angry with the young man that she _ him and rushed out into the dark night.A.smiled atB.danced withC.glared at D.played with名师微博 glance at后的at表示动作方向。句型巧析句型巧析句型巧析句型巧析There is no doubt that句法分析句法分析 There is no doubt that.意为意为“毫无疑毫无疑问问”。that引导同位语从句，只起连接作引导同位语从句，只起连接作用，本身无意义，也不作任何成分，但不可用，本身无意义，也不作任何成分，但不可以省略。以省略。 There is no doubt that he will succeed.毫无疑问他会成功。毫无疑问他会成功。I have no doubt that he will pass the exam.我确信他会通过考试。我确信他会通过考试。归纳拓展(1)doubt用作名词时，后面接同位语从句， 否定句、疑问句用that引导；肯定句用whether引导。(2)doubt用作动词时，意为“怀疑；不相信”。在肯定句中doubt后面的宾语从句由whether/if引导；在疑问句和否定句中doubt后面的宾语从句由that引导。Is there any doubt that hell attend the meeting on time?他准时出席会议有什么疑问吗？I doubt whether/if hell keep his word.我怀疑他是否遵守诺言。I dont doubt that our team will win.我们队获胜是没有疑问的。巧学活用11完成句子(1)毫无疑问他能赢得这场比赛。_ he can win the game.(2)我怀疑他是否会成功。I _ he will succeed.There is no doubt thatdoubt whether/if(3)他是不是担任那项工作的最适当的人选还有点疑问。There _ he is the best man for the job.12单项填空Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.is some doubt whetherAwhich BwhatCthat Dwhether解析：选C。there is no doubt that.为固定搭配，意为“是毫无疑问的”。其中that引导同位语从句。温馨提示请做课时作业Unit 4Section