人类的每一次改革都是社会前进的步伐，每一次思想的升华都越来越接近文明。发明使人类由黑暗走向光明。正因为如此，社会离不开发明。让我们一一起走向发明的前源吧。神七飞天Unit 9Unit 9When was it invented?When was it invented?Section A Period 1Section A Period 1 lightlight bulbbulbinventioninventionEdisonEdisoninventorinventorEdison invented the light bulb.The light bulb was invented by Edison.Bell invented the telephone._ was invented by _.The telephoneBellKarl Benz invented the car._ was invented by _.The carKarl Benz Look at the things. In what order Do you think they were invented?1afirstsecondthirdfouth 1876年年 ListeningListening1885年年1927年年1976年年Sample dialogues:Sample dialogues:A A: When : When waswas the telephone the telephone inventedinvented? ?B B: I think it : I think it was inventedwas invented in 1876. in 1876.A A: When : When was was the car the car inventedinvented? ?B B: I think it : I think it was inventedwas invented in 1930. I in 1930. I think it think it was inventedwas invented after the after the telephone. telephone.PairworkPairwork1cListening3122a Julie Julie ThompsonThompson scooping really cold scooping really cold ice creamice creamshoes with adjustable heelsshoes with adjustable heels Jayce Jayce Coziar and Jamie EllsworthCoziar and Jamie Ellsworth changing changing the style of the shoesthe style of the shoes battery-operated sneakersbattery-operated sneakersseeing in the darkseeing in the dark heated ice cream scoop heated ice cream scoopLanmonLanmonChelseaChelsea2b Listen again and match the items in columns A, B and C. InventionWho was it/were they invented byWhat is it/are they used for?shoes with adjustable heelsChelsea Lanmonscooping really cold ice creambattery-operated sneakersJayce Coziar and Jamie EllsworthSeeing in the darkheated ice cream scoopJulie Thompsonchanging the style of the shoes 2cGroupworkGroupworkRole play the conversations using the information in the chart above.A: What are they used for?B: Theyre used for seeing in the dark.Oral Practice Sentence pattern: Sentence pattern: What What is it / are they used foris it / are they used for? ? Who Who was it / were they invented was it / were they invented byby? ? It is / They It is / They are used forare used for . . It was / They It was / They were invented bywere invented by . .Sample dialogues: A: What is this?B: This is a heated ice cream scoop.A: What is it used for?B: It is used for scooping really cold ice cream.A: Who was it invented by?B: It was invented by Chelsea Lanmon.C C: I dont think so. I think it : I dont think so. I think it was was invented invented in 1873, so it in 1873, so it was inventedwas invented before the telephone. before the telephone.D D: I dont agree. I think it : I dont agree. I think it was inventedwas invented in 1885 and it in 1885 and it was inventedwas invented after the after the telephone. telephone.1. 1. 世界上许多国家都讲英文。世界上许多国家都讲英文。世界上许多国家都讲英文。世界上许多国家都讲英文。 English is spoken in many countries English is spoken in many countries all over the world.all over the world. 2. 2. 纸是中国发明的。纸是中国发明的。纸是中国发明的。纸是中国发明的。 Paper was invented in China.Paper was invented in China.3. 3. 这栋大楼是去年建造的。这栋大楼是去年建造的。这栋大楼是去年建造的。这栋大楼是去年建造的。 The building was built last year.The building was built last year.英汉互译。英汉互译。英汉互译。英汉互译。4. 4. 他父亲不会让他娶玛丽为妻的。他父亲不会让他娶玛丽为妻的。他父亲不会让他娶玛丽为妻的。他父亲不会让他娶玛丽为妻的。 He wont be allowed, by his father, He wont be allowed, by his father, to marry Mary.to marry Mary. 5. 5. 他们结束训练时将被派往部队。他们结束训练时将被派往部队。他们结束训练时将被派往部队。他们结束训练时将被派往部队。 They would be sent to the army They would be sent to the army when they finished the training.when they finished the training. 6. 6. 这个计划正在执行中。这个计划正在执行中。这个计划正在执行中。这个计划正在执行中。 The project is being carried out.The project is being carried out. 8. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。这本小说已被译成了几种语言。 This novel has been translated into several languages. 7. 那时这案子正在调查中。那时这案子正在调查中。 The case was being investigated then. 9. 9. 他们说生产成本已经下降了。他们说生产成本已经下降了。他们说生产成本已经下降了。他们说生产成本已经下降了。 They said that production costs had They said that production costs had been reduced. been reduced.Grammar Focus When was the car invented?It was invented in 1885.When were electric slippers invented?They were invented last year.Who were they invented by?They were invented by Julie Thompson.What are they used for? Theyre used for seeing in the dark. The passive voiceThe passive voice 被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态 语态是表示主语与谓语的关系的。如果主语态是表示主语与谓语的关系的。如果主语态是表示主语与谓语的关系的。如果主语态是表示主语与谓语的关系的。如果主语是动作的执行者，动词要用主动语态；语是动作的执行者，动词要用主动语态；语是动作的执行者，动词要用主动语态；语是动作的执行者，动词要用主动语态；反之，如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就反之，如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就反之，如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就反之，如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就要使用被动语态。要使用被动语态。要使用被动语态。要使用被动语态。 被动语态谓语部分结构为助动词被动语态谓语部分结构为助动词被动语态谓语部分结构为助动词被动语态谓语部分结构为助动词be + be + 过去过去过去过去分词分词分词分词。 各种句型的被动形式各种句型的被动形式肯定句肯定句 主语主语 + be + 过去分词过去分词 + （by ）否定句否定句 主语主语+ be not +过去分词过去分词 +（by ）一般疑问句一般疑问句 Be +主语主语+过去分词过去分词 + (by )?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 疑问词疑问词 + be +主语主语 + 过过去分词去分词 + （by ）？）？注意：注意：这里这里 be 的形式决定了被动语态的的形式决定了被动语态的时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。重点内容重点内容1. Printing was introduced into Europe from China.2. Who was the film the Golden Compass directed by?3. He is thought to be a good teacher.4. She is reputed to be the best singer in Europe. 印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。黄金罗盘黄金罗盘是由谁执导的？是由谁执导的？他被认为是个好老师。他被认为是个好老师。据说，她是全欧洲最好的歌唱家。据说，她是全欧洲最好的歌唱家。Maria bought the book last year. (主动句主动句)The book was bought by Maria last year. When was the book bought by Maria?What was bought by Maria last year?被动句：被动句：让我们看一看各种句型的主动语态变为被让我们看一看各种句型的主动语态变为被动语态时，到底发生了什么变化？动语态时，到底发生了什么变化？时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般一般现在时现在时一般一般过去时过去时一般一般将来时将来时do/doesis/am/are + donedidwill/be going to dowas/were + donewill be donebe going to be doneGrammar Focus The passive voice The passive voice 被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态 在被动语态的句子中在被动语态的句子中在被动语态的句子中在被动语态的句子中, , 谓语部分谓语部分谓语部分谓语部分的结构是的结构是的结构是的结构是be + be + 过去分词。被动语态过去分词。被动语态过去分词。被动语态过去分词。被动语态的句子的时态变化反映在的句子的时态变化反映在的句子的时态变化反映在的句子的时态变化反映在bebe动词上。动词上。动词上。动词上。也就是说也就是说也就是说也就是说, , 把一个句子做成被把一个句子做成被把一个句子做成被把一个句子做成被 动语态的句子动语态的句子动语态的句子动语态的句子, , 只需要写出只需要写出只需要写出只需要写出bebe动词动词动词动词 的所需时态的所需时态的所需时态的所需时态, , 再加上所给动词再加上所给动词再加上所给动词再加上所给动词的过去分词就行了。当然的过去分词就行了。当然的过去分词就行了。当然的过去分词就行了。当然, , 这只是指这只是指这只是指这只是指谓语部分而言。我们知道谓语部分而言。我们知道谓语部分而言。我们知道谓语部分而言。我们知道, be, be动词作动词作动词作动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词分词分词分词(being)(being)和过去分词和过去分词和过去分词和过去分词 (been)(been)。那。那。那。那么么么么, , 下面我们来看看下面我们来看看下面我们来看看下面我们来看看be be 在各种时态中在各种时态中在各种时态中在各种时态中的变化形式：的变化形式：的变化形式：的变化形式：一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时 am / is / are am / is / are 一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时 was / were was / were 一般将来时一般将来时一般将来时一般将来时 shall / will + be shall / will + be 过去将来时过去将来时过去将来时过去将来时 would / should + be would / should + be 现在进行时现在进行时现在进行时现在进行时 am / is / are + being am / is / are + being 过去进行时过去进行时过去进行时过去进行时 was / were + being was / were + being 现在完成时现在完成时现在完成时现在完成时 have / has + been have / has + been 过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时 had + been had + been 时态时态肯定形式肯定形式 否定形式否定形式疑问形式疑问形式一般一般过去过去时时一般一般将来将来时时S +was/were+doneS +was/were+not + doneWas /Were+S + done?S + will notbe + doneS +am/is/aregoing to be doneAm /Is/Are+S + going to be done?S +am/is/arenot going to be doneWill+ S+done?S + will be +doneLanguage point 1. I think the telephone was invented before the car.我认为电话在汽车之前发明的。我认为电话在汽车之前发明的。(1) I think 后接的一个分句做后接的一个分句做I think 的的宾语宾语, 这个分句称叫做这个分句称叫做宾语从句宾语从句。(2) was invented 是被动语态。是被动语态。(3) invent 做动词做动词, 意为意为 “发明发明,创造创造”,其名词有两种形式其名词有两种形式:一种为一种为inventor “发明者发明者”; 一种为一种为 invention “发明发明,创造创造” 例如例如:Edison was a great inventor, he invented more than 1,000 inventions in his life.2. Its used for scooping really cold ice cream. 它是用来舀十分冰冷的冰淇淋的。它是用来舀十分冰冷的冰淇淋的。句型句型be used for 意为意为 “被用来做被用来做”,介词介词for表示用途表示用途,后接名词或动名词。后接名词或动名词。如如:(1) sweater is used for keeping warm.毛衣是用来保暖的。毛衣是用来保暖的。(2) The knife is used for cutting.小刀是用来切削东西的。小刀是用来切削东西的。