Unit 3Discovering useful words and expressions:I.Find the correct word for each of the following meanings.1 _ mistake2 _ to allow something to happen3 _ someone who writes books4 _ to try to find or get something5 _ a thin paper cover for a letter6 _ the place where someone was born7 _ a man who works in a business8 _ unusual, exciting or dangerous experiencefaultpermitseekenvelopebirthplaceauthorbusinessmanadventureDiscovering useful words and expressions:9 _ ability to wait fro a ling time or to accept trouble without getting angry 10 _ part of a play during which there is no change in time or place11 _ path at the side of a road for people to walk on12 _ a long written story in which the characters and events are not usually realpatiencescenenovelpavementI.Find the correct word for each of the following meanings.Explain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in each sentence.A He wandered around Tibet for about a month. His experience is unbelievable.B The professor wandered from the subject of his speech.walk slowly without a clear directionstop paying attentionA Please keep a complete account of the money we have spent.B I opened an account at the bank downstairs.An arrangement what the bank keeps your moneyWhat you ownExplain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in each sentence.A It was her fault. We were late because she took so long finishing her lunch.B It sounds as if there is a fault in that computer.make a mistake and be blamed for itsomething that is wrong with a machineExplain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in each sentence.A The museum sits on the exact spot where the gold was first discovered. B That dress has a dirty spot right in the middle.C She spotted her friend among the passengers who got off the trainparticular place or areaa small mark on somethingfindExplain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in each sentence.A We walked down a long passage to the back of the office building.B I couldnt afford the passage to Australia.C The old bridge isnt strong enough to allow the passage of heavy vehicles.long narrow area with walls on both sidesfaremovement of people or cars along a roadExplain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in each sentence.Use some of the words and phrases in the correct form to complete the stories.bring up go ahead account for by accident on the contrary to be honest 1 Yesterday when I was wandering on the pavement near a park, I met an old neighbour _. He was so happy to see me again and he talked a lot about my grandparents who _ me _. _, I didnt want him to _ with his story. It wasnt because I had no _ to listen to him, but because it was still very painful for me to think about my dear grandma who died five years ago.by accident brought upTo be honestgo aheadpatience2 He was such a stubborn businessman that he didnt _ anybody to disagree with him. He thought his marketing plan was perfect, but _, it was not and it failed. Obviously, it was his _ because he did not listen to other peoples advice. His attitude _ his loss.permiton the contraryfaultaccounted for Use some of the words and phrases in the correct form to complete the stories.bring up go ahead account for by accident on the contrary to be honest 名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。表语、宾语和同位语。 因此，名词性从句可分为因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句主语从句、表语从句表语从句 、宾语从句宾语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句。1、宾语从句、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语动词的宾语，也可以作也可以作介词的宾语介词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有。引导宾语从句词有连词连词that，if，whether；连接代词连接代词who，whose，what，which；连连接副词接副词when，where，how， why等。等。e.g. 1)I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.3) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking to?4) He asked whose car it was.5) Pay attention to what the doctor said.6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place.7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?连接词的选择：连接词的选择：The Object ClauseThe Object Clause做动词的宾语做动词的宾语 (1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后： (2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：(3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语语 it 而将从句放到补足语后面；而将从句放到补足语后面； e.g. He doesnt know where the post office is.e.g. He told me what I should reade.g. I thought it strange that he failed to call me(4)在在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式形式,而将主句谓语动词而将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式等变为否定形式; e.g. I dont think you are right(5) 在在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及等动词以及 Im afraid 等后，可用等后，可用so代替一代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾代替一个否定的宾语从句：语从句：e.g. 一一Do you believe it will clear up?你认为天气会转晴吗你认为天气会转晴吗? 一一I believe so. 我认为会这样。我认为会这样。 I dont believe so. (或或I believe not.) 我认为不会这样。我认为不会这样。 (1)一般情况下，宾语从句直接跟在谓语后一般情况下，宾语从句直接跟在谓语后;e.g. Did she say anything about how we should do the work?(2) that引导的宾语从句只有在引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides等等少数介词后偶尔可能用到少数介词后偶尔可能用到; e.g. Your article is all right except that it is too long (3)有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语 it; e.g. Ill see to it that everything is ready 做介词的宾语做介词的宾语The Object ClauseThe Predicative Clause1. that 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句 连接词连接词that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。起进一步解释的作用。e.g. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.2. whether 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句 连接词连接词whether起连接作用，起连接作用， 意为意为“是否、究竟、到底是否、究竟、到底”（注意：（注意：if不能引导表语从句不能引导表语从句) 在句中也不作任何成在句中也不作任何成分。分。e.g. The question is whether what man will turn up in time.表语从句表语从句在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。 连接代词连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。语，且各有各的词义。e.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.3. what, which, who, whom, whose引导的表语从句引导的表语从句The Predicative Clause4. where, when, why, how引导的表语从句引导的表语从句 连接副词连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。语，本身具有词义。e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.The Predicative Clause5. 其他连词其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句 because引导表语从句通常只用于引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。结构中。 as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。示不存在的动作或状态。e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.The Predicative Clause e.g. My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.1.Go and get your coat.Its_you left it. A.there B.where C.there were D.where there 2.The problem is_ he has enough time. A.if B.whether C./ D.that 3.He made a promise_ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which 4.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what 5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants. A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whereverBBCBBPractice choosing ( 10m )