NEWWORDSANDEXPRESSIONSUNIT121.Confucius2.551-479BCE2.AntonMakarenko安东.马卡连柯前苏联著名教育家1988-1939）马卡连柯生于1988年。1914年马卡连柯以优异的成绩毕业于波尔塔师范学院。20世纪20年代他组织了高尔基工学团，收容并教养那些无家可归的流浪儿童，工作得很有成效。马卡连柯发表的一书中记载了他在高尔基工学团的工作。1939年他发表了一书。马卡连科认为所有儿童都应该负担劳动任务，并把劳动当作发展心智和道德的基本手段。3.AnneSullivanAportraitofHelenKellerandAnneSullivanseatedonthelawnofAlexanderGrahamBellshouse.BothMs.KellerandMs.Sullivanarewearinglongwhitesummerdresses.TheirhandsarejoinedandrestingonMs.Kellerslap.Circa1894.4.loadn.vt1)Aloadissomething,usuallyalargequantityorheavyobject,whichisbeingcarried.Hedrovebywithabigloadofhay.Hewascarryingaveryheavyload.2)Youcanusealoadoftorefertopeopleorthingswhichyoudonotlike.Forexample,ifyousaythatsomethingisaloadofrubbish,youareemphasizingthatyouthinkitisnogoodatallornottrueatall. His people came up with a load of embarrassing information.5.workloadn.Theworkloadofapersonororganizationistheamountofworkthathastobedonebythem.ThesuddencancellationofMrBlairstripwasduetohisheavyworkload.Thisofficesresourcesandstaffwouldhavetobeincreasedtocopewiththeextraworkload.6.strictBestrictwithsbinsthHismotherisstrictwithhimineverything.7.compulsoryadj.Ifsomethingiscompulsory,youmustdoitoracceptit,becauseitisthelaworbecausesomeoneinapositionofauthoritysaysyoumust.InEastGermanylearningRussianwascompulsory.Manyyoungmenaretryingtogetawayfromcompulsorymilitaryconscription.8.tobeginwithYouusethephrasetobeginwithwhenyouaretalkingaboutthefirststageofasituation,event,orprocess.Itwasgreattobeginwithbutnowitsdifficult.Whatdoscientistsyouvespokenwiththinkaboutthat?nWell,tobeginwith,theydoubtitsgoingtowork.9.Sceptical(skeptical)n.Ifyouarescepticalaboutsomething,youhavedoubtsaboutit.Otherarchaeologistsarescepticalabouthisfindings.scientistswhoarescepticalofglobalwarminganditsallegedconsequences.ThepartyhasalwayshadacautiousandscepticalattitudetoEurope.sceptically adv I looked at him skeptically, sure he was exaggerating. Whats your point? demanded the old man sceptically.10.tendencyn.Atendencyisaworryingorunpleasanthabitoractionthatkeepsoccurring.Thearmyhasbecomeincreasinglyrestlessoverthemountingseparatisttendenciesofthenorthernrepublics.thegovernmentstendencytowardssecrecyinrecentyears.11.absentadj.Ifsomeoneappearsabsent,theyarenotpayingattentionbecausetheyarethinkingaboutsomethingelse.Nothing,Rosiesaidinanabsentway.absent-mindedSomeonewhoisabsent-mindedforgetsthingsordoesnotpayattentiontowhattheyaredoing,oftenbecausetheyarethinkingaboutsomethingelse.Inhislaterlifehebecameevenmoreabsent-minded.12.dropout(of)Ifsomeonedropsoutofcollegeorarace,forexample,theyleaveitwithoutfinishingwhattheystarted.Heddroppedoutofhighschoolattheageof16.Shedroppedoutafter20kilometreswithstomachtrouble.13.expandvi.vt,Ifsomethingexpandsorisexpanded,itbecomeslarger.Engineersnoticedthatthepipeswerenotexpandingasexpected.Themoneysupplyexpandedby14.6percentintheyeartoSeptember.Ifsomethingsuchasabusiness,organization,orserviceexpands,orifyouexpandit,itbecomesbiggerandincludesmorepeople,goods,oractivities.Thepopularceramics陶瓷）industryexpandedtowardsthemiddleofthe19thcentury.Theinterestratescomingdown.Illbeabletoexpandorstayinbusiness.14.distributevt.Ifyoudistributethings,youhandthemordeliverthemtoanumberofpeople.Studentsshoutedslogansanddistributedleaflets.Thousandsofsoldiersareworkingtodistributefoodandblanketstotherefugees.Inthemovemostofthefurniturewaslefttotheneighboursordistributedamongfriends.15.resultinIfsomethingresultsinaparticularsituationorevent,itcausesthatsituationoreventtohappen.Fiftypercentofroadaccidentsresultinheadinjuries.Regulartripsbacktoheradoptedmotherlandhaveresultedinherfirstbook,TigerBalm.Ifsomethingresultsfromaparticulareventoraction,itiscausedbythateventoraction.Manyhairproblemsresultfromwhatyoueat.Ignoretheearlywarningsandillnesscouldresult.16.AliceSpringsAtownofAustralialocatednearthecenterofthecountry.Tourismandminingareimportanttoitseconomy.Population,22,000.阿利斯斯普林斯：澳大利亚一城镇，位于该国中心附近。旅游和采矿为其重要经济来源。人口22,00017.corporationn.Acorporationisalargebusinessorcompany.multi-nationalcorporations.theSeikoCorporation.Payattentiontothespellingandpronouncingdifferencesbetweencooperationandcorporation18.donatevt.Ifyoudonatesomethingtoacharityorotherorganization,yougiveittothem.Hefrequentlydonateslargesumstocharity.Othersdonatedsecondhandclothes.ThesilvertrophywasdonatedbyaLeicesterbusinessman.Ifyoudonateyourbloodorapartofyourbody,youallowdoctorstouseittohelpsomeonewhoisill.peoplewhoarewillingtodonatetheirorgansforuseafterdeath.AlldonatedbloodisscreenedforHIV.19.curriculumn.Acurriculumisallthedifferentcoursesofstudythataretaughtinaschool,college,oruniversity.Thereshouldbeabroadercurriculuminschoolsforpost-16-year-oldpupils.Russianistheonecompulsoryforeignlanguageontheschoolcurriculum.20.computerisevt.Tocomputerizeasystem,process,ortypeofworkmeanstoarrangeforalotoftheworktobedonebycomputer.Imtryingtomakeaspreadsheetuptocomputerizeeverythingthatsdonebyhandatthemoment.Manyhospitalssaytheysimplycantaffordtocomputerize. The firm decided to computerize its wages department.公司决定用电脑管理发薪部门的工作。21.aspectn.Anaspectofsomethingisoneofthepartsofitscharacterornature.Climateandweatheraffecteveryaspectofourlives.Hewasinterestedinallaspectsoftheworkhere.22.professionn.Aprofessionisatypeofjobthatrequiresadvancededucationortraining.Harperwasateacherbyprofession.Only20percentofjobsintheprofessionsareheldbywomen.23.alongsideprep. He crossed the street and walked alongside Central Park. Much of the industry was located alongside rivers. As she makes progress, her personal self-confidence will develop alongside her technique. Alongside the Job Creation Programme they launched a Work Experience Programme.24.advocatevt.提倡Ifyouadvocateaparticularactionorplan,yourecommenditpublicly.(FORMAL)MrWilliamsisaconservative(保守派）whoadvocatesfewergovernmentcontrolsonbusiness.TheEurope-widestrategywasadvocatedbyJacquesDelorstogetpeoplebacktowork.25.labelvt.Ifsomethingislabelled,alabelisattachedtoitgivinginformationaboutit.Thestuffhasneverbeenproperlyrecordedandlabelled.TheproducewaslabelledMadeinChina.Alltheproductsarelabelledwithcomprehensiveinstructions.26.obtainvt.Toobtainsomethingmeanstogetitorachieveit.(FORMAL)Evanswastryingtoobtainafalsepassportandotherdocuments.Theperfectbodyhasalwaysbeendifficulttoobtain.Ifasituationobtains,itexists.(FORMAL)Thelongerthissituationobtains,themoreextensivetheproblemsbecome.27.selectvt.Ifyouselectsomething,youchooseitfromanumberofthingsofthesamekind.VotersareselectingcandidatesforbothUSSenateseatsandfor52congressionalseats.Themovieisbeingshowninselectedcities.28.suitvtIfsomethingsuitsyou,itisconvenientforyouoristhebestthingforyouinthecircumstances.Theywillonlygiveinformationifitsuitsthem.Theyshouldbeabletofindyouthebestpackagetosuityourneeds.Ifsomethingsuitsyou,youlikeit.Idontthinkasedentarylifewouldaltogethersuitme.Ifapieceofclothingoraparticularstyleorcoloursuitsyou,itmakesyoulookattractive.Greensuitsyou.29.presentationn.Whensomeonegivesapresentation,theygiveaformaltalk,ofteninordertosellsomethingorgetsupportforaproposal.JamesWatson,PhilipMayoandIgaveaslideandvideopresentation.IalwaysaskhowmuchtimeIhavetomakemypresentation.abusinesspresentation.Apresentationisaformaleventatwhichsomeoneisgivenaprizeoraward.afterreceivinghisawardatapresentationinLondonyesterday.atthepresentationceremony.