GrammarBook7 Unit5Listen to the music- Red river valley From this valley they say you are goingI will miss your bright eyes and sweet smileFor I know you are taking the sunshine_ has lighted my pathway awhileCome and sit by my side if you love meDo not hasten to bid me adieuBut remember the Red River ValleyAnd the one _ has loved you so true.Just remember the Red River ValleyAnd the one _ has loved you so truethatthatthatLearning goals:1. to review the usage of the attributive clause;pay attention to as , which, who , whom, whose, when , where, why 2. to use attributive clauses freely in your writing. Lets review together.定语从句定语从句二要素二要素1. 先行词先行词3.关系词关系词关系代词关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as从句中作主、宾、表、定语从句中作主、宾、表、定语关系副词：关系副词：whenwherewhy从句中作状语从句中作状语关系词三作用：关系词三作用：1.指代先行词指代先行词2.引导定语从句引导定语从句3.在从句中充当句子成分在从句中充当句子成分1.引导非限制性定语从句的引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代可以指代前面的前面的_ ，也可以指代前面，也可以指代前面_。先行词先行词整个句子整个句子2. 2. 关系关系代词代词whosewhose在从句中作在从句中作_：指人：指人=_,=_,指物指物=_.=_.定语定语of whomof which3.3.先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句关系词先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句关系词用用_不用不用whichwhich和和_._.thatwho4. 4. 关系副词关系副词why why 表表_，常用在先行词，常用在先行词_后面后面, = _ _., = _ _.原因原因reasonfor which5. 5. 当先行词是表示时间的名词当先行词是表示时间的名词, ,如如time, time, day, year, month, weekday, year, month, week等，同时又在从句等，同时又在从句中作状语时，定语从句需要用关系副词中作状语时，定语从句需要用关系副词_引导。引导定语从句的引导。引导定语从句的whenwhen也可以转也可以转换成换成“_”的形式。的形式。 whenwhen介词介词which6 6先行词指物时，先行词被序数词或形容先行词指物时，先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，常用词最高级修饰时，常用_,_,不用不用_._.thatthatwhichwhich7.7.关系代词指物时关系代词指物时, ,只用只用whichwhich不用不用thatthat的两种情的两种情况况: :(1)(1)引导引导_从句从句时时(2)(2)关系代词在从句中做关系代词在从句中做_ 并且介词并且介词提到关系代词前时提到关系代词前时非限制性定语非限制性定语介词宾语介词宾语8.当先行词是表示地点的名词，如当先行词是表示地点的名词，如place, room, place, room, mountainmountain，airportairport等，同时又在从句中作状语等，同时又在从句中作状语时，定语从句需要用关系副词时，定语从句需要用关系副词_引导。引导。但表地点的先行词在从句中做主语或宾语时，定但表地点的先行词在从句中做主语或宾语时，定语从句需要用关系代词或语从句需要用关系代词或that引导。引导。wherewherewhichwhich9. 9. 先行词是先行词是 “way(way(方式、方法方式、方法) )”时，当时，当从句中缺状语：从句用从句中缺状语：从句用_ 引导引导that/in which/省略关系词省略关系词10. 10. 关系代词关系代词asas与与samesame连用，引起的定语从连用，引起的定语从句：句：(1)the same(1)the sameas as 表示表示_人或物；人或物；(2)the same(2)the samethat that 指指_人或物人或物同一类同一类同一个同一个 Though I cant remember everything _ happened during the time in university, I still remaember some people and things _ were related to Miss Brown, _ used to be monitor in our class. If you want to know who the lady is that I referred to in my diary, I can tell you its her, Miss Brown. Here is a story _ makes me remember Miss Brown until now. One afternoon, she and I arrived in New York, _ we would look forward to. We went to the biggest bookshop in _ there were different kinds of books to be sold. There, thatthatwho that whichwhichshe persuaded me to read every grammar book _ could offer me knowledge of grammar and buy a dictionary _ I could look up the new words in. Miss Brown also bought the same books _ I did. Just when we left the bookshop and were ready to go back to our university, a big man stopped us and robbed me of my necklace. Ill never forget that time _ Miss Brown tried her best to help me and lost one of her fingers. thatwhichaswhen Can you think of things human beings do that may destroy or cause changes in a habitat?Pair workLet me seeHow to apply the attributive clauses to your writing?Step1 :名言警句中的定语从句名言警句中的定语从句1. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man .不到长城非好汉不到长城非好汉Read the following English proverbs and then pick out the attributive clauses. Can you think of things human beings do that may destroy or cause changes in a habitat?Pair workLet me see2. All that glitters is not gold . 闪闪发光者，未必皆黄金。闪闪发光者，未必皆黄金。 3. Opportunity and luck always shows appreciation for those who are bold in struggling. 机遇和幸运总是垂青勇于奋斗的人。机遇和幸运总是垂青勇于奋斗的人。4. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。世上无难事，只怕有心人。1. 你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的你居住的城市参加一个城市参加一个会议。会议。 You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting2.那些做普通简单工作的人也在推动着社会的发展。那些做普通简单工作的人也在推动着社会的发展。 Those who do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the society.3. 正如我们都知道的那样，扫大街是最为困难的工作正如我们都知道的那样，扫大街是最为困难的工作之一。之一。 As we all know, cleaning streets is one of the hardest work.4. 在接下来的三年高中生活中，你会遇到越来越多的在接下来的三年高中生活中，你会遇到越来越多的挑战，这需要耐心和毅力。挑战，这需要耐心和毅力。 In the next three years of your senior high school life, you will face more and more challenges, which requires patience and perseverance.5.在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情，这在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情，这让他难以适应大学第一年的生活。让他难以适应大学第一年的生活。Mikes mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school, which made it difficult for him to adjust to the firstyear college life.Step3 :as定语从句作文常用结构定语从句作文常用结构As we know/ As is known to usAs an old saying goesAs is mentioned above1.1.众所周知，他是一个好学生。众所周知，他是一个好学生。As is known to us all, he is a good student.As is known to us all, he is a good student.2.2.北京是中国的首都，它是一座美丽的城市。北京是中国的首都，它是一座美丽的城市。Beijing, which is the capital city of Beijing, which is the capital city of China ,is very beautiful .China ,is very beautiful .3.3.你们已经取得了很大的进步，这使老师非常高你们已经取得了很大的进步，这使老师非常高兴。兴。You have made great progress, which You have made great progress, which makes your teacher very happy.makes your teacher very happy.3.3.我们班有我们班有5050多个男生，其中大部分学习都多个男生，其中大部分学习都很努力。很努力。Our class has more than 50 boys, most Our class has more than 50 boys, most of whom study very hard.of whom study very hard. It is wellknown to us that English is an international language .English plays an important part in communicating with foreigners. As Senior Two students, we should seize this opportunity to learn it well. By the opportunity we can get good grades in the College Entrance Exams and I hold the belief that we will get a promising future. As is known to all, English, which is an international language, plays an important part in communicating with foreigners. As Senior Two students, we should seize this opportunity to learn it well, by which we can get good grades in the College Entrance Exams and I hold the belief that we will get a promising future.定语从句的运用定语从句的运用Step6: Challenge yourself !语篇训练（定语从句在写作中的应用）语篇训练（定语从句在写作中的应用）根据下列句子，完成短文。根据下列句子，完成短文。以下是你们班班长李华的相关信息：以下是你们班班长李华的相关信息：李华是我的好朋友，她的妈妈是我的英语老师。李华李华是我的好朋友，她的妈妈是我的英语老师。李华总是乐于助人，这使得她在班上很受欢迎。曾经有总是乐于助人，这使得她在班上很受欢迎。曾经有一段时间，她因为生病学习受到影响。在她的努力一段时间，她因为生病学习受到影响。在她的努力之下，她终于赶上了班上的同学。她的梦想是成为偏之下，她终于赶上了班上的同学。她的梦想是成为偏远地区的一名志愿者，那里的人们非常需要帮助。远地区的一名志愿者，那里的人们非常需要帮助。【写作要求写作要求】注意定语从句的运用，注意上下文的连贯注意定语从句的运用，注意上下文的连贯1. 李华是我的好朋友，她的妈妈是我的英语老师。李华是我的好朋友，她的妈妈是我的英语老师。Lihua, whose mother is my English teacher, is my good friend. Lihua is my good friend whose mother is my English teacher.2.李华总是乐于助人，这使得她在班上很受欢迎。李华总是乐于助人，这使得她在班上很受欢迎。She is always ready to help others, which makes her popular among the whole class.3. 曾经有一段时间，她因为生病学习受到影响。曾经有一段时间，她因为生病学习受到影响。There was a time when her study suffered because of her illness.4.在她的努力之下，她终于赶上了班上的同学。在她的努力之下，她终于赶上了班上的同学。With her efforts, she finally caught up with others. 5.她的梦想是成为偏远地区的一名志愿者，那里的人她的梦想是成为偏远地区的一名志愿者，那里的人们非常需要帮助。们非常需要帮助。Now, her dream is to become a volunteer in the remote areas, where people are in great need of help.( 连句成篇连句成篇) 当堂检测当堂检测 write a short passageMake comments( 连句成篇连句成篇) 当堂检测当堂检测One possible version: Lihua, whose mother is my English teacher, is my good friend. She is always ready to help others, which makes her popular among the whole class. There was a time when her study suffered because of her illness. Fortunately, with her efforts, she finally caught up with others. Now, her dream is to become a volunteer in the remote areas, where people are in great need of help. HomeworkTranslate the short passage, using the Attributive Clause as many as possible. 我就读的郧西一中是一所著名的，享有美誉的中学。我就读的郧西一中是一所著名的，享有美誉的中学。（YunXi No.1 Middle School where is with reputation）.知道被郧西一中录取的那一天是我一生中知道被郧西一中录取的那一天是我一生中最高兴的日子。（最高兴的日子。（The day whenbe admitted to was）这两年她见证了我的进步。（）这两年她见证了我的进步。（see）但我曾经陷）但我曾经陷入困境，难以学好英语。入困境，难以学好英语。(get into trouble; have trouble in) 幸运的是，老师和同学都乐于给我建议，对此我非常幸运的是，老师和同学都乐于给我建议，对此我非常感激。（感激。（be willing to ; for which be grateful for）因）因此，我没有丧失信心。（此，我没有丧失信心。（lose heart）我认识到只有努力学）我认识到只有努力学习，我才能实现建立自己事业的梦想。（习，我才能实现建立自己事业的梦想。（onlyachieve ones dream of ）Practice makes perfect!May you succeed in your studies!