Unit 10A Contrastive Study of Writing in English and ChineseDiscussionnWhydoweneedtheknowledgeofcontrastivestudiesofEnglishandChineseinEnglishwritingclass?Synthetic 综合性综合性 vs. Analytic分析性分析性nAsyntheticlanguage:itischaracterizedbyfrequentandsystematicuseofinflectedformstoexpressgrammaticalrelationships.nAnanalyticlanguage:itischaracterizedbyarelativelyfrequentuseoffunctionwords,auxiliaryverbs,andchangesinwordordertoexpresssyntacticrelations,ratherthanofinflectedforms.Explicit(显性）/implicit（隐形）1.Aguesthascome.n来客人了。2.Theguesthascome.n客人来了。3.我以为你没有到呢。nIthoughtyouhavenotcome.n4.人们开始吃米饭越来越少，吃水果越来越多。nPeoplebegintoeatgrainlessandless,whiletheyeatfruitmoreandmore. Predicate verb TensePositive degreecomparative degreeSuperlative degree1）SVC-主语+动词+主语补语e.g:MissJohnsisasecretary.2)SV-主语+动词e.g:Theflowersareblooming.3)SVO-主语+动词+宾语e.g:Weareplayingbasketball.4)SVOO-主语+动词+间宾+直宾e.g:Themotherwillbuythegirladress.5)SVOC-主语+动词+宾语+宾语补语e.g:Theparentsconsiderthechildagenius.1. 一张桌子四条腿。一张桌子四条腿。 A table has four legs.2. 中国地大物博，人口众多。中国地大物博，人口众多。 China has a vast territory, abundant resources and a large population.3. 这两篇文章一个内容两种写法。这两篇文章一个内容两种写法。 These papers have the same contents with two different writing styles.1. 过去，他以卖报为生。过去，他以卖报为生。Hesoldnewspapersforaliving.2. 他以卖报为生。他以卖报为生。Hesellsnewspapersforaliving.ChineseEnglishAbstract vs. ConcretenAnexcessiverelianceonthenounattheexpenseoftheverbwill,intheend,detachthemindofthewriterfromtherealitiesofhereandnow,fromwhenandhowandinwhatmoodthethingwasdone,andinsensiblyinduceahabitofabstraction,generalizationandvagueness.1.Theabsenceofintelligenceisanindicationofsatisfactorydevelopment.Nonewsisagoodnews.2.Wasthistherealizationofananticipatedliability?Didyouexpectyouwouldhavetodothis?n1. 在处理历史材料时，每选一项资料就是在处理历史材料时，每选一项资料就是做出一种判断，因此不能说完全偏见。做出一种判断，因此不能说完全偏见。nIn handling the materials of history, each act of selection is also an act of judgment, and therefore the change of bias is never completely answerable.n2. 激光可以应用于许多科学领域，又适用激光可以应用于许多科学领域，又适用于各种实际用途，因此成了近年来轰动一于各种实际用途，因此成了近年来轰动一时的科学成就之一。时的科学成就之一。nLaser is one of the most sensational developments in recent years, because of its applicability to many fields of science and its adaptability to practical uses.n3. 他的傲慢态度使他孤立无援。他的傲慢态度使他孤立无援。nHis arrogance sent him into isolation and helplessness.4. Wed better stop them from making troubles. Wed better stop them from waking a sleeping dog.Remember1Englishisstrictinsentencestructures.2Abstractwordsbetteryourwritingwork.