Say Yes Tobias WolffR einforcementT ext AnalysisB ackgroundW arming upUnit 2SayYesQuestions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesWarming upUnit 2SayYesQuestions / ActivitiesFormgroupsoffour,discussthefollowingtwoquestions,andkeeparecordofyouropinionstoseewhethertheywillchangeasthetextisanalyzedindetail.1.Isthemanagoodhusband?Citetextualevidencetosupportyourview.2.Isthemanaracist?Citetextualevidencetosupportyourview.WarmingupCheck-on PreviewWarminguppitchinonpinchresorttomopspraysnapthroughdemonstratebluroutcomeupwiththistrickthehouseworkthesilverwarethefloorherbrowsherindifferencethepagestherightanswerthestarsMatch the verbs with the nouns.Mark the following statements T, for true and F for false. 1.Thestoryissetinthe1960sintheUSwhenracialissueswerehotoneverybodysmindandlips.2.Thestoryhappenedbetweentwomiddle-agedpeoplewhohadbeenmarriedforabout30years.3.Themanhadneverthoughtthathewasaracistandfeltgreatlywrongedbyhiswifewhoimpliedthis.4.Themanwasconsiderate,rationalandforgivingwhilehiswifewasselfish,emotionalandridiculous.5.Thehusbandhadknownallalongwhathiswifewantedfromhim,butsimplydidntwanttogiveintoher.6.Afterthehusbandturnedoffthelight,someonebrokeintotheirhouseandmadesomestrangenoise.FTTFTFCheck-on PreviewWarmingupObjectivesKnowsomethingabouttheauthorandhisworks.GathersomebackgroundinformationaboutracismandsexismintheUS.Learntoappreciatetheshortstory.Masterthelanguageitemslisted.Understandthestoryandappreciateitssubtletyasmuchaspossible.Thinkaboutthethemesofthestoryandformyourownopinions.WarmingupBackgroundCulture TipsAuthorGenreTimeUnit 2SayYesBackgroundHis LifeTobias Wolff (1945-)BorninAlabamaUSAin1945.Parentsdivorcedwhenhewasaboy;traveledwidelywithhismother;soonforcedtoendurelifeunderhisstrictandcruelstepfather.From1964to1968,lieutenantwiththeU.S.ArmySpecialForces(GreenBerets)inVietnam.B.A.(1972)andM.A.(1975)fromOxfordUniversitywithFirstClassHonorsinEnglish,asecondM.A.fromStanford.Areveredwriter&teacherofcreativewritingandliteratureinStanfordandelsewhere.BackgroundHis WorksShortstories(OHenryAward):“IntheGardenoftheNorthAmericanMartyrs”(1981)“NextDoor”(1982)“Sister”(1985)Our Story Begins(shortstorycollectionin2003,TheStoryPrizein2004)Memoirs:This Boys Life: A Memoir (1989)In Pharaohs Army: Memories of the Lost War(1994)Novels:The Barracks Thief (1984,PEN/FauknerAwardforFiction) Old School (2003) This Boys LifeFilm Poster BackgroundHis StyleAdirectwritingstyle,obeyingthe“show,donttell”maxim,leavingmuchtothereadersintuitionNon-dramatic,focusingmoreonthepsychologicaldimensionsofacharacterindilemmasthanonplotdevelopmentOftenunderstated,forcingreaderstobecomeengagedinthecollectionofstrandsthatwillresultinthefullcomprehensionofastory.Exploringalienation,thenatureoflying,andtheessentialfoundationsofrelationshipsHopingtoinstructandinspirepeopletotriumphovertheirsituationsthroughcharacterchangeanddevelopmentBackgroundTimeThe1980swasadecadeledbyRepublicanpolicy.RonaldReagantookofficeaspresidentoftheUnitedStatesin1980,servedtwoterms,andthenwassucceededbyhisvicepresident,GeorgeBush.Reaganheldconservativepoliticalbeliefs,bothonthedomesticfrontandwhenitcametoforeignpolicy.Althoughhiseconomicprogramsbroughtthenationalinflationratedown,theyalsoseemedtofavorthewealthy.Bythe1980s,astheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionbuiltupastockpileofnuclearweapons,thecoldwarhadbeenongoingforalmostfortyyears.Reagan,anardentopponentofcommunism,encouragedhisadministrationtogreatlyincreasemilitaryspending.The Republican YearsBackgroundCulture TipsDefinition:Racismisprejudiceordiscriminationbasedonthebeliefthatraceistheprimaryfactordetermininghumantraitsandabilities.Racismincludesthebeliefthatgeneticorinheriteddifferencesproducetheinherentsuperiorityorinferiorityofoneraceoveranother.Institutionalracism:e.g.theJimCrowlawsintheUSfrom1876to1965mandatingsegregationinallpublicfacilitiesinthesouthernstatesoftheformerConfederacywithasupposedly“separatebutequal”statusfortheblackAmericans;officiallyoverruledwiththeCivilRightsActof1964andtheVotingRightsActof1965.Overtandsubtleracism:TheCivilRightsMovementdidawaymuchovertracism,butracismpersistsinmanysubtleforms,inmanyaspectsandonmanylevels.Racism BackgroundCulture TipsRace & MarriageDespitethepublicoppositiontointerracialmarriage,in1948,theCaliforniaSupremeCourtbecamethefirststatehighcourttodeclareabanoninterracialmarriageunconstitutional.Thedecisionwascontroversial,courageousandcorrect.Atthattime,38statesstillforbadeinterracialmarriage,andsixdidsobystateconstitutionalprovision.Then,in1967,theU.S.SupremeCourtstruckdowntheremaininginterracialmarriagelawsnation-wide.BackgroundCulture TipsSexism Aswithracism,overtsexismisnotverymuchondisplaynowinmuchoftheworld.Butsubtlesexismpersistsandcanbefoundeverywhereatalltime.Itisaclusterofsocialexpectationsandpracticesthatreinforcesex-basedinequality.Forexample:Atschool:moreboysinscienceclassesandmoregirlsinartsclasses(boysarelogicalwhilegirlsareimaginative)Atwork:amalebossandafemalesecretary,andrarelytheotherwayaround(wehave“careerwomen”and“familymen”butno“careermen”and“familywomen”)Athome:houseworkregardedasthewifesresponsibilitywhethershehasafull-timejobornot(thehusbandreputedasaconsiderateonebecausehe“pitchedinonthehousework”)BackgroundGenreA Short StorySetting:kitchen,cleaningupafterdinner,USA,1980sCharacters:husband&wife,white,middle-aged,middle-classConflict:differentviewsoninterracialmarriagesPlot:casualtalk,argument,fight,hurtfeelings,failedattemptatreconciliationNarrativepointofview:3rdperson,thehusbandCharacterization:showinginsteadoftellingDetailedAnalysisStructureTheme Text AnalysisUnit 2SayYesTextAnalysisThemeThethemeofthisstoryiseverybodysguess.Sowhatisyours?Attitudestowardsinterracialmarriages(racism)?Man-womanrelationships(feminism)?Theunreasonablenatureofwomen?Thearroganceofmen?Theimpossibilityofeffectivecommunication?/Alienationinmodernsociety?TextAnalysisStructureThe argument: The husband disapproved interracial marriages on the ground of cultural differences while the wife approved on the ground of love. The wound: The wife was hurt; the husband helped her quickly and hoped she would reward him by letting go of the topic.The question: The wife persistently asked whether her husband would marry her if she were black and got a straight no in the end. The anger: The husband felt deeply hurt by his wifes indifference to him but then decided to forgive her out of love.The stranger: When the husband tried to make up with his wife, he found her a stranger despite three decades of marriage. Para. 1-18Para 19-24Para 25-44Para 45-48Para 49-57 TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:MainIdea1.Whatisthesettingofthestory?(thefictionaltime,thehistoricaltime,theplace)2.Whoarethemaincharacters?Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?3.Whatistheconflictofthestory?4.Howdidthewifefeelwhenherhusbandsaiditwasabadideaforwhitepeopletomarryblackpeople?5.Howdidthehusbandshowthathewasnotaracist?6.Whyshouldntwhitepeoplemarryblackpeople,accordingtothehusband?Isthisreasonjustifiable?7.Howdidthewiferetortherhusband?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphraseAfewmonthsearlierhedoverheardafriendofhiswifescongratulatingheronhavingsuchaconsideratehusband.(para.1)Questions:1.Howdidthemanearnthereputationofaconsideratehusband?Whatdoyouthinkofthisreputation?2.Whatdidthehusbandfeelabouthisreputation?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphraseSometimeshiswifegotthislookwhereshepinchedherbrowstogetherandbitherlowerlip.Whenhesawherlikethisheknewheshouldkeephismouthshut,butheneverdid.Actuallyitmadehimtalkmore.(para.4)Question: Whatdoesthisshowaboutthehusband?relative adverb introducing a relative clause to modify “look”Compare:1.Hewaswonderingaboutthestrangelookthathesawonthefaceofhiswife.(relativepronoun)2.Whenheisdispleasedhehasthislookwherehiseyesarenarrowedandbrowscloselyknitted.(relativeadverb)3.Isawamovielastnightwhichwasrealjunk.4.Isawamovielastnightwheretherewasalotofviolence.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphrase“Butthatsdifferent.Apersonfromtheircultureandapersonfromourculturecouldneverreallyknoweachother.”“Likeyouknowme?”hiswifeasked.“Yes.LikeIknowyou.”“Howcanyouunderstandsomeonewhocomesfromacompletelydifferentbackground?”“Different,”saidhiswife.“Notthesame,likeus.”“Yes,different,”hesnapped,angrywithherforresortingtothistrickofrepeatinghiswordssothattheysoundedhypocritical.(para.10-18)Questions:1.Whydidthewifeconstantlybringthemselvesinforcomparison?2.Dotheyreallyknoweachother?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:Words & ExpressionsWordsPhrasesGrammarWordsoverhear;somehow;snapPhrasesdo/drythedishes;pitchin(on/withsth.);congratulatesb.onsth.;allthingsconsidered;takemywordforit;breakup;resorttoSentencePatternidontneedyoucomingalongandimplyingGrammarthislookwhereshepinchedherbrowsTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:ExerciseTranslate the following sentences, and pay special attention to the underlined parts. 1.Mybrotherpitchedinwithanoffertoloanussomemoney.我弟弟主动借钱给我。2.Herhusbandreallypitchedinonhousework.她丈夫真的帮她做家务。3.Theentirecompanypitchedintohelp.公司所有人都来帮忙了。4.Channel4arrivedandsomehowcreatedadifferentrolefortelevision.第四频道开播了，从某种意义上改变了电视的作用。5.Hesbeenveryquietandwithdrawn,sortofdifferent,somehow.他最近非常安静内向，好像有点不一样了。TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:Exercises6.Contemporarycareerwomenoftenfindthemselvesinasituationwheretheyhavetosacrificetheircareerfortheirfamily.当代职业女性常会面临不得不为了家庭牺牲自己事业的情况。7.Takemywordforit,timewillhealallwoundsandcureallpains.相信我，时间会治疗一切伤痛。8.Dontsnapatme!Itsnotmyfaultthatyoulostyourwallet!别冲我嚷嚷！你丢了钱包又不是我的错！9.Shesnappedthesuitcaseshutandleftangrily.她啪的一声关上手提箱，怒气冲冲地走掉了。10.Peopleoftenresorttobodylanguagewhenwordsfail.词不达意时人们常借助于肢体语言。TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:MainIdea1.Whatdidthehusbanddowhenthewifesfingergothurt?Whatdoesthisshow?2.Whatdidthehusbandexpectfromhiswife?Whatdoesthisshow?3.Isthecutsymbolicofsomething?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:SentenceParaphraseHehopedthatsheappreciatedhowquicklyhehadcometoheraid.Hedactedoutofconcernforher,hethoughtthatitwouldbeanicegestureonherpartnottostartupthatconversationagain,ashewastiredofit.(para.21)done by hercome to help herbecause he cared about herQuestion:Whatdoesthisshowaboutthehusband?Paraphrasing:Hehopedthathiswifewasgratefulthathehadhelpedhersoquickly.Hediditbecausehereallycaredaboutherandhethoughtthatsheshouldshowherconcernforhiminreturnbynotcontinuingtheconversationbecausehedidnotwantto.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarWordsplunge;rummage;dabPhrasesoutofconcernfor;onherpartSentencePatternGrammarTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:ExerciseTranslate the following sentences into English, using words in the brackets.1.他把脸扎进一盆冷水里，想借此清醒清醒头脑。(plunge)Heplungedhisfaceintoabowlofcoldwatertoclearuphismind.2.现在看来什么也不能阻止这个国家陷入一片混乱。(plunge)Itseemsthatnothingcansavethecountryfromitsplungeintochaos.3.有些婚姻因性格不合而破裂，有的因原则问题而破裂。(break)Somemarriagesbreakupbecauseofpersonalityclashesandsomebecauseofprincipleproblems.4.我们会尽可能地提供帮助，但也需要你们做出努力。(part)Welldoallwecantohelpbuteffortsonyourpartarealsorequired.5.为了关心在寒冷的冬夜里无家可归的人们，政府设立了这些临时收容所。(concern)Thegovernmentsetupthesetemporarysheltersoutofconcernforthehomelessonthecoldwinternights.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:MainIdea1.Howdidthewifepursuetheargumentafterthehusbanddressedherwound?Whydidshedoso?2.“TheonlyblackgirlIeverknewwasmypartnerinthedebatingclub.”(para.28)Isthisremarkcontrarytowhathesaidinthefirstpart?3.Whatdidthehusbandmeanwhenhesaid“ifyouwereblackyouwouldntbeyou?”Doyouagree?4.Whydidthehusbandfeelcornered?5.Didthehusbandknowwhatwasexpectedofhim?6.Whydidthehusbandrefusetosay“yes”?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:SentenceParaphraseTherewasnopossiblewayofarguingwiththefactthatshewouldnotbeherselfifshewereblack.(para.32)introducing an appositive clause which explains what the fact isQuestion:Whatdidthehusbandmean?Compare:1.Doyouaccepttheviewthatpeoplefromdifferentculturesshouldnotmarry?2.Doyouaccepttheviewthatissopopularamongthestudents?1.Appositiveclause2.RelativeclauseTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarWordsspray;unattached;cornerPhrasesputitthatwaySentencePatternthefact+that+appositiveclauseGrammarsubjunctivemoodTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:ExerciseCompare the structure of the sentences and translate them into Chinese. 1.Howdoyouexplainthefactthatmymissingpurseisunderyourpillow?(appositiveclause)2.Howdoyouexplainthefactthatwehavejustdiscovered?(relativeclause)3.Whatdoyouthinkoftheideathatweputasidesomemoneyeachmonthforatripinsummerholiday?4.Whatdoyouthinkoftheideathatwediscussedjustnow?5.Icantacceptthereasonthatyousimplydidntgetmymessage.6.Icantacceptthereasonthatisclearlymadeupinahurry.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:ExerciseLearn the subjunctive mood in the following sentences. 1.Shewouldnotbeherselfifshewereblack.2.YouwouldnthavemarriedmeifIdbeenblack.3.Youwouldprobablyhavebeengoingoutwithablackguyifyouhadbeenblack.Respond to the following questions.1.Whatwouldyoudoifyouweregivenalargesumofmoney?2.Theoldwomanfoundawalletonthepavementandwaitedforhoursinthecoldwindforitsowner.Whatwouldyouhavedoneifyouhadbeeninthatsituation?3.Theschoolwasfundedtopulldowntheoldclassroomsandbuildnewones.Whatwouldhavebeenthestudentsdoingiftheyhadntbeengiventhemoney?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIV:MainIdea1.Whatdidthewifedoafterherhusbandanswered“No”?2.Howdidshefeel?3.Howdidthehusbandreact?Why?4.Howdidthehusbandsfeelingschange?5.Whatbroughtaboutthechange?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIV:SentenceParaphraseHeknewthatshewastooangrytobeactuallyreadingit,butshedidntsnapthroughthepagesthewayhewouldhavedone.Sheturnedthemslowly,asifshewerestudyingeveryword.Shewasdemonstratingherindifferencetohim,andithadtheeffectheknewshewantedittohave.Ithurthim.Hehadnochoicebuttodemonstratehisindifferencetoher.(para.45-46)Questions:1.Fromwhosepointofviewisthesituationdescribed?2.Arethehusbandsguessesabouthiswifesthoughtsandfeelingsreliable?3.Isittruethatthehusband“hadnochoice”?Whatwouldareallyconsideratehusbanddo?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIV:SentenceParaphraseHefeltashamedthathehadlethiswifegethimintoafight.(para.48)Questions:1.Whodidthehusbandblameforstartingthefight?2.Whydidthehusbandfeel“ashamed”?3.Doyounoticethesexismofthehusband?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartV:MainIdea1.Howdidthehusbandtrytomakeupwithhiswife?2.Whydidthewifeaskherhusbandtoturnoffthelight?3.Whatdidthemanexpecttohappenwhenheturnedoffthelight?4.Whatdoyouthinkreallyhappened?Why?5.Whatdoestheendingofthestoryimply?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartV:SentenceParaphrase“Illmakeituptoyou.Ipromise.”“How?”shesaid.Heknewthathehadtocomeupwiththerightanswer.“Illmarryyou,”hewhispered.“Wellsee,”shesaid.(para.49-52)Questions:1.Isitusualforonetoask“how”whensomeonepromisesto“makeituptoyou”?Whydidthewifeaskthisquestion?2.Didthehusbandreallymeanthathewouldmarryherifshewereblack?3.Whatdidthewifemeanbysaying“Wellsee”?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartV:SentenceParaphraseTheroomwassilent.Hisheartpoundedthewayithadontheirfirstnighttogether,thewayitstilldidwhenhewokeatanoiseinthedarknessandwaitedtohearagainthesoundofsomeonemovingthroughthehouse,astranger.(para.57)followed by a relative clause the relative adverb (how) of which is omitted Questions:1.Howdidthehusbandfeelontheirfirstnighttogether?2.Howdidhefeelwhenhewokeatastrangenoiseatnight?3.Whowasthe“stranger”?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIV&V:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence Pattern Wordssnap;demonstrate;blurPhrasesmopthefloor;bedone;tothewest;makeitupto/withsb.;comeupwith;reachoverSentencePatterntheway+relativeclauseGrammarsubjunctivemoodTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIV&V:ExerciseComplete the following sentences. 1.Idontlike_hetreatshisparents.2.Helikesobservingchildren_play.3.Nowthatweareinthesupermarket,we_lookaroundandbuysomethingweneed.4.SorryIcanttakeyoutothecinematoday,butIll_younextweek.5.IlllendyouthebookwhenIam_it.6.Haveyou_hersinceyourfightlastweek?7.Ifyouhadntcomeupwiththatbrightideaourcompany_(struggle)forsurvival.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIV&V:ExerciseKey: 1.Idontlikethewayhetreatshisparents.2.Helikesobservingchildrenatplay.3.Nowthatweareinthesupermarket,wemightjustaswelllookaroundandbuysomethingweneed.4.SorryIcanttakeyoutothecinematoday,butIllmakeituptoyounextweek.5.IlllendyouthebookwhenIamdonewithit.6.Haveyoumadeitupwithhersinceyourfightlastweek?7.Ifyouhadntcomeupwiththatbrightideaourcompanywouldstillhavebeenstrugglingforsurvival.ReinforcementRetellingDiscussionUnit 2SayYesReinforcementDiscussion1.Fromwhosepointofviewisthestorytold?Howdoesthisnarrativepointofviewaffectthestory?Whatdifferencewoulditmaketochooseanotherperspective?2.Fromwhatthehusbandsaidanddid,ishearacistornot?3.Inwhatsenseisthemanaconsideratehusband?Inwhatsenseishenot?4.Doyounoticesexualinequalityintherelationshipbetweenthehusbandandthewife?Explainyourself.ReinforcementRetellingChoose one topic1.Supposeyouwerethehusbandandtellthestoryofthatnighttoyourfriends.2.Supposeyouwerethewifeandtellthestoryofthatnighttoyourfriends.