白银市景泰四中：高琴伦直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语 直接引述别人的原话，称为 。 用自己的话转述别人的话，称为 。直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语1.直接引语是陈述句。2.直接引语是一般疑问句。3.直接引语是选择疑问句。4.直接引语是特殊疑问句。5.直接引语是祈使句。 .直接引语和间接引语的定义 .直接引语变间接引语主要有以下几种情况.分类直接引语和间接引语1.直接引语是陈述句陈述句变成间接引语，用连词that引导（that无实词义，只起连接作用，口语中常省略），引述词常用：said或told。如:“You are a good student,” Mr. Green said. Mr. Green said to me (that) I was a good student.注意注意：直接引语变为间接引语时，有以下三种特殊：直接引语变为间接引语时，有以下三种特殊情况：（情况：（1）直接引语如果是）直接引语如果是天体运行、客观真理、天体运行、客观真理、谚语谚语等，变间接引语时，时态等，变间接引语时，时态不变不变。如：。如：The teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.(2)直接引语中如果有明确的表示过去的时间状语 时，变间接引语时，时态不变。 My father said that he had read the book while he was waiting for a bus. (3)直接引语中若有while, when, since 引导的时间状语从句时，变间接引语时，只改变主句时态，从句的时态不变。如：My father said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.” Tom asked me if/whether I could help him.My friend asked me whether this computer was mine or his.2.直接引语是一般疑问句一般疑问句时，变成用if /whether 引导的宾语从句。如：Tom said to me, “ Can you help me?”3.直接引语是选择疑问句选择疑问句时，变成whether or 引导的宾语从句。如：My friend asked me, “Is this computer yours or his?” The foreigner asked me how old I was.She ordered him to go away.4.直接引语是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时，仍用原直接引语中的疑问词直接引语中的疑问词。如：The foreigner askedThe foreigner asked，“ “How old are you?”How old are you?”5.直接引语是祈使句，根据说话人的语气用ask, tell, order变成ask, tell, order sb. to do sth，如果直接引语是否定祈使句的，要变成ask, tell, order sb. not to do sth.,如：She said to him, “Go away.” .直接引语改为间接引语时，引述动词是现在时，则间接引语中的时间、动词、时态等形式不变，但如果引述动词是过去时，则间接引语中的时间、动词、时态、地点、人称等一般要作相应变化，如下表：直接引语间接引语时间变化nowagotonighttomorrownext yearyesterdaylast weektwo days agothenbeforethat nightthe next daythe next yearthe day beforethe week beforetwo days before动词变化comebringmustcan / maygotakehad tocould / might时态变化一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）过去将来时地点状语变化herethere指示代词变化thisthesethatthose例如： She said, “ I will come to help you.” Mary asked me, “Is Helen from the United States?” She said, “I went there yesterday.” She said that she would come to help me. Mary asked me whether/if Helen was from the United StatesShe said she had gone there the day before.