ByMr.Jia 考纲解读考纲解读 1 1、短文改错题主要测试考生、短文改错题主要测试考生发现、判断发现、判断以以及在语篇中及在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性综合运用英语知识的准确性，着重着重考查学生的语言基本功，即：考查考生的考查学生的语言基本功，即：考查考生的词法、词法、句法、行文逻辑等句法、行文逻辑等，常见错误以，常见错误以动词、名词和动词、名词和介词居多介词居多。 2 2、以记叙文为主以记叙文为主，有时可能会有说明文或，有时可能会有说明文或者议论文。者议论文。 3 3、一般、一般1010行左右，大概词数行左右，大概词数120120词。取材于词。取材于学生的作文，话题常见。篇章结构的难易度符学生的作文，话题常见。篇章结构的难易度符合中学生的认知水平，合中学生的认知水平，无生僻的词语和偏、难、无生僻的词语和偏、难、怪的句子。怪的句子。考查内容考查内容n通过对近通过对近5年高考短文改错试题的分析与研年高考短文改错试题的分析与研究，错误的类型主要包括以下几个方面究，错误的类型主要包括以下几个方面:1.1.名词单复数名词单复数 2.2.动词时态和语态动词时态和语态 3. 3.主谓一致主谓一致 4.4.代词代词 5. 5.冠词冠词 6.6.介词介词 7. 7.形容词和副词形容词和副词 8.8.连词连词 9. 9.非谓语动词非谓语动词 10.10.固定搭配固定搭配 11. 11.句子结构句子结构短文改错解题四原则：短文改错解题四原则： 1. 1.改动一个词改动一个词; 2.; 2.虚词以添加或删除为原则虚词以添加或删除为原则; 3.; 3.实实词以改变词形为原则；词以改变词形为原则； 4.4.以保持句子原意为原则。以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤：短文改错解题步骤： 1. 1.通读全文，掌握大意通读全文，掌握大意; 2.; 2.整段分析，逐句推敲整段分析，逐句推敲; ; 3.3.反复通读，复查验证。反复通读，复查验证。解题注意要点和能力培养：解题注意要点和能力培养： 1. 1.核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1 1：1 1：8 8”的比例。即的比例。即多词多词1 1个，缺词个，缺词1 1个，错词个，错词8 8个个。 2. 2.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。（因为短文改核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。（因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。）现象。） 3. 3.核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确。核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确。 短文改错要做好，短文改错要做好，常见类型应记牢。常见类型应记牢。名词爱考数与格，名词爱考数与格，冠词在前错多少。冠词在前错多少。动词时态和语态，动词时态和语态，非谓搭配莫错了。非谓搭配莫错了。连代形副错一样，连代形副错一样，多是故意来混淆。多是故意来混淆。介词多半搭配错，介词多半搭配错，多漏误用想周到。多漏误用想周到。句法涉及为一致，句法涉及为一致，从句连词常多考。从句连词常多考。词法句法均未错，词法句法均未错，逻辑推理去寻找。逻辑推理去寻找。高高 考考 短短 文文 改改 错错 歌歌 诀诀1. Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole class. _2. They have all sorts of course. Im sure you will find one you like. _3.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests. _4. In summer, the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful. _skyideacoursesknowledge1.名词单复数一致名词单复数一致a. Today I visited the Smiths-my first visit to a American family. _anb. What a great progress he has made . _ac. Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. _ the冠词冠词a. Bill insisted in staying near the car. _b. In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year. _c. We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. _d. She married with a man with a lot of money. _oninofwith介词介词1.Ill send my friend Charlie to meet you at the airport when you arrived. _ 2. You are not permit to take them out._ 3. Im glad to learn that youve been settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local way of life. _ 4. Last summer I take a part-time job in the lnternational Camp for children. _3.时态语态一致时态语态一致_arrivepermittedbeen_took1. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish. _ 2. Here are the information about Manchester University. _ 3. When our six children were young，suppertime were alwaysbeing interrupted by neighborhood children ringing the bell._ 4.主谓一致主谓一致_wishes_wasis5.代词的指代一致代词的指代一致1. On the first day of Camp, you came up to myself while I was sitting alone. _ 2. Yes, it is clear that your life in your country is quite different from me. _3. You may keep the books for several weeks so that you can have enough time to finish it. _meminethem1.Imlookingforwardtohearfromyousoon._a.Ihadalwayswantedreturntothevillageaftermovingaway.toc.Thebossmakethemtoworktwelvehoursaday.d.Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalsogivesusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit._Playing非谓语动词非谓语动词hearing6. 行文逻辑关系一致行文逻辑关系一致1). Since you have visited Greece several times, I would like to know whether you have seen the old buildings here. _ 2). The air keeping the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming up.(06全国统全国统一考试一考试II)_theredowna.(2000)Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingat me. _andb.Thoughheworkshard,buthedidntpasstheexam._butc.Ilikethecoat,anditwasmorethanIwouldliketopay._but连词连词a.Whoworksthemostcarefulinyourclass?carefullyb.Thisbookisntascheaperasthatone. cheapc.TheHuangheRiveristhesecondlongerriverinChina. longestd.Thebadmeatsmellsterribly. terrible形容词、副词形容词、副词a.Inthelastfiveyearsthattheyhaveclimbedchurches._thatb.Mostpeoplecanquicklygethelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalsincetheyareill. _If/whenc.IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofchina. _which句子结构句子结构1. Dont lose hearts, youll be successful in time. 1 _2. I need some more informations. 2_3.These machines look the same,but they are of different kind. 3_4.People remember him for his contribution to the country. 4_单句改错训练单句改错训练:名词和数词名词和数词heartinformationkindscontributions单句改错训练单句改错训练 冠冠 词词1.You cant consider him a honest man. 1_2.In China,children usually start school at an age of seven. 2_3.The play is set in the Paris. 3_4.I cant stop because Im in hurry. 4_anthethe返回返回a单句改错单句改错训练代代词词1.Knowing is one thing; doing is other. 1_2.This is the best film which I have ever seen. 2_3.I also enjoyed the days when we spent together. 3_4.The ones what you decide not to keep can be traded with other people. 4_5.He drove too fast, and the police stopped her and handed him a ticket. 5_ anotherthatthat/which/xthat/xhim返回返回1.The bad news made us feel sadly. 1_2.Are you certainly that he will help us check the information? 2_3.The children learn to read and write,they play games as good. 3_4.He set off for work an hour before. 4_5.I hate him as many as you do. 5_6.He was caught in a heavily rain. 6_sadcertainwellagomuchheavy返回返回单句改错训练单句改错训练 形容词和副词形容词和副词单句改错训练单句改错训练动动 词词2.The church burned down yesterday date from the 18th century. 2_ 1.Judge From his accent, he is a southerner. 1_4.Money is spent in look after people with illnesses. 4_3.Compare to 1992, the price of grain was increased about 50%. 3_5.With a boy led the way,they started towards the village. 5_Judging_dates_Comparedlookingleading单句改错训练单句改错训练 介介 词词1.Waving ones hand can be accepted for crying for help. 1_ 1.Waving ones hand can be accepted for crying for help. 1_ 2.He called Jenny on the hope of getting help from her. 2_2.He called Jenny on the hope of getting help from her. 2_3.Both Mary and her mother were pleased at the girl. 3_3.Both Mary and her mother were pleased at the girl. 3_4.They will start working after an hour. 4_4.They will start working after an hour. 4_5.He is the very person that set the theater in fire. 5_5.He is the very person that set the theater in fire. 5_6.Your words encourage me to go on my study. 6_6.Your words encourage me to go on my study. 6_asinwithinonwith单句改错训练单句改错训练 连词连词1.Though it was cold, but he went out without a hat. 1_2.He likes sports, but I like music. 2_3.Pick out the wrong sentences but correct them. 3_4.Work hard,and youll succeed sooner and later. 4_5.Whatever you do, and Ill be right here waiting for you. 5_6.This kind of car costs a lot of money, and he can afford it. 6_butbutandorwhileand单句练习单句练习 I. I. 时态与语态时态与语态时态与语态时态与语态1.I remembered the whole thing as if it was happened just yesterday.2. The party the students had been looking forward to being held yesterday evening at last.3.The thief has caught climbing over the garden wall.4.Great changes have been taken place in our hometown since 1978._was_wasII. II. 固定搭配固定搭配固定搭配固定搭配1.We called at Mr. Smith yesterday.1.We called at Mr. Smith yesterday.2.The novel is very worth reading.2.The novel is very worth reading.3.She has been married with a man with little money for 3.She has been married with a man with little money for ten years.ten years.4.The policeman caught the thief by his arm.4.The policeman caught the thief by his arm.5.Though he has worked for ten hours,yet he felt not 5.Though he has worked for ten hours,yet he felt not a little tired. a little tired. _ onon _ wellwell_ toto _ thethe _ bitbit三、代词前后一致三、代词前后一致三、代词前后一致三、代词前后一致1.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.1.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.2.We found some wood and carried them back to the cave.2.We found some wood and carried them back to the cave.3.This pair of shoes is a bit tight.Show me another one.3.This pair of shoes is a bit tight.Show me another one.4.Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of hers.4.Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of hers.5.At the beginning of the basketball match,the team were 5.At the beginning of the basketball match,the team were not sure of himself.not sure of himself.6.Your clothes are dirty.You should change it now.6.Your clothes are dirty.You should change it now._ theirtheir_ it it_pairpair_theirstheirs_themselvesthemselves_ themthemIV.IV.主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致 1.Early to bed and early to rise are a good habit.1.Early to bed and early to rise are a good habit. 2.There are a chair and some desks in the room. 2.There are a chair and some desks in the room. 3.The old likes to look back upon the old days. 3.The old likes to look back upon the old days.4.Collecting stamps need a lot of money.4.Collecting stamps need a lot of money. 5.Those who wants to come raise your hands please. 5.Those who wants to come raise your hands please. _is is_is is_likelike_needsneeds_wantwant