Unit 1Unit 1Great scientistsGreat scientists-2-.单词单词 由简到难,水到渠成Thefirststepisasgoodashalfover.【识记阅读单词】1.physiciann.2.victimn.3.enquiryn.4.neighbourhoodn.5.pumpn.vt.6.fireworkn.7.chartn.8.positiveadj.9.movementn.10.backwardadv.&adj.11.spinvi.&vt.12.universen.-3-【拼写高频单词】1.n.画家;油漆匠2.vt.打败;战胜;使受挫n.失败3.adj.熟练的;经验或知识丰富的n.专家;行家4.n.治愈;痊愈vt.治愈;治疗5.n.挑战vt.向挑战6.vt.吸收;吸引;使专心7.vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者;嫌疑犯8.vt.预见;预知9.vt.责备;谴责n.过失;责备10.n.柄;把手vt.处理;操纵11.vt.&n.连接;联系-4-【拓展核心单词】1.n.特征;特性adj.特有的n.特性;性格2.adj.科学的n.科学n.科学家3.vt.&vi.结束;推断出n.结论;结束4.vt.分析n.分析5.vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加vi.留意n.出席;参加n.注意;关注6.vt.(与to连用)暴露;揭露;使曝光n.显露;揭露;曝光-5-7.adj.严重的;剧烈的;严厉的adv.严重地;严格地;严厉地8.vt.污染;弄脏n.污染9.vt.宣布;通告n.宣布;通告10.vt.命令;指示;教导n.教育;指示adj.教育的;有启发的11.vt.建设;修建n.建设;建筑物n.建造者12.vt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助n.贡献;捐助n.捐赠者-6-13.adj.热情的;热心的n.热情;热心14.adj.小心的;谨慎的n.小心;谨慎;告诫15.vt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃n.拒绝-7-1.名词用作动词的高频词汇集锦facen.脸vt.面对handlen.把手vt.处理nursen.护士vt.护理;照顾addressn.地址;住处vt.在写上地址;对发表演说headn.头vi.前往2.“专心于做某事”常用短语belostin陷入;专心致志于beabsorbedin专心于becaughtin被困在beburiedin埋头于bedevotedto致力于;专心于beoccupiedin忙于-8-3.“观点;态度”高频形容词approving满意的positive积极的subjective主观的doubtful怀疑的4.announce用法小结announcesth.宣布某事announcethat.宣布announcement宣布,公告,声明announcer宣布者,播音员5.由link.to.联想到的connect.with.把和连接起来combine.with.把和结合起来tie.to.把拴到mix.with.把和混合-9-.短语短语化难为简,轻松记忆Learntowalkbeforeyourun.【识记】1.expose.to2.link.to.【默写】1.提出2.得出结论3.除之外;此外4.对严格的5.讲得通;有意义-10-1.“make+n.”构成的短语makesense有意义;讲得通makeprogress取得进步makemoney挣钱2.与forward搭配的短语putforward提出lookforwardto盼望bringforward提出stepforward向前迈步-11-.高频句型高频句型分析探究,融会贯通Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.1.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedtherewasanoutbreak.每次爆发霍乱时,都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。考点提炼表示时间的名词短语everytime引导时间状语从句。2.youputthesuntherethemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。考点提炼“only+状语”放在句首时,其后句子用部分倒装语序。1.史密斯先生每次来访问中国,都会受到中国球迷的热烈欢迎。2.只有受到邀请的时候他才会来。-12-.语篇填空语篇填空旧材新用,探究根源Killtwobirdswithonestone.JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon.Soexpert1.(be)hethatheattendedQueenVictoria2.herpersonalphysician.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabout3.(help)ordinarypeopleexposed4.cholera.Thiswasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscause5.itscurewasunderstood.Somanythousandsof6.(terrify)peoplediedeverytimetherewas7.outbreak.JohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvethisproblem.Heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound.In1854when8.cholerabrokeout,hebegantogatherinformationandfoundtheevidence.Itseemedthatthepollutedwaterwastoblame.JohnSnowsuggestedthesourceofallthewater9.(supply)shouldbeexamined.10.(final)“KingCholera”wasdefeated.-13-14-核心词汇核心句式1.put forward提出;将提前;将钟/表拨快领悟高考究考法诵读或翻译句子,体会黑体部分的含义(1)ItendtoacceptanyideaputforwardbyexpertsonTV._(2)Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.(2016天津,单项填空)经理提出了一条建议,我们应该有个助手。要做的工作太多了。(3)Sowhenyouhavemoney,takeoffthetop10%,putitaside,saveandinvestwisely.(2014浙江,阅读理解A)所以当你有钱的时候,先拿出10%,存起来,明智投资。我很容易接受电视上专家们提出的任何建议。-15-核心词汇核心句式联想拓展记考点(1)putaside忽视;不理睬;储蓄;储存(2)putaway把收起来;放好;积蓄(3)putback放回;拨慢;拖延(4)putdown记下,写下;镇压(5)putoff推迟;延期(6)putout扑灭;生产;出版;公布(7)putup举起;张贴;提高;建立(8)putupwith容忍;忍受-16-核心词汇核心句式2.conclude vt.& vi.断定;推断出;(使)结束;终止;达成;缔结(协定)派生conclusionn.结论;推论;结尾;结局领悟高考究考法完成句子(1)Whatcanwethestudy?(2015四川,阅读理解C)从这个研究中我们可以得出什么结论?(2)ResearcherstheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.(2014陕西,阅读理解C)研究者们推断,法国人吃饱了之后往往不会再继续吃了。(3)Themeeting.会议于十点钟结束。(4)Intheendtheideaalmostleadsthemtothesame.最终这个想法几乎使他们得出同样的结论。concludefromconcludethatconcludedattenoclockconclusion-17-核心词汇核心句式联想拓展记考点(1)conclude.from.从中推断出(2)concludesth.with./bydoing.以结束某事(3)toconclude最后(4)draw/arriveat/cometo/reachaconclusion得出结论(5)inconclusion最后;总之-18-核心词汇核心句式3.attend vt.& vi.出席;参加;照料;护理领悟高考究考法写出下列句子中attend的意思(1)StudentswithI.D.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.(2016全国丙,阅读理解A)(2)Janecantattendthemeetingat3oclockthisafternoon.(2015天津,单项填空)(3)Thepatientsarewellattendedinthehospital.完成句子(4)Ihavejustfoundthat.(2016全国丙,书面表达)我刚刚发现那天下午我必须出席一个重要的会议。(5)IplantogotoBritain.(2014课标全国,书面表达)假期期间我打算去英国参加一个暑期学校项目。参加出席照顾Ihavetoattendanimportantmeetingthatafternoontoattendasummerschoolduringthevacation-19-核心词汇核心句式联想拓展记考点(1)attendameeting/alecture/school参加会议/听讲座/上学(2)attendto处理;注意;专心于;照料(3)beattendedby.由陪同;由照料-20-核心词汇核心句式4.expose vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光;使面临派生exposedadj.无遮蔽的;暴露的exposuren.显露;暴露;揭露;曝光领悟高考究考法用介词或者expose的适当形式填空(1)Andthemorebirdsareexposedlight,themoreactivetheyareatnight.(2015四川,阅读理解D)越多的鸟暴露在光线下,它们在夜间就会越活跃。(2)Iwantedthechildrentokeeptothelanguageandculture.我想让孩子们接触这门语言和文化。(3)tolightwhilesleepingcanincreaseapersonschancesofgettingcancer.睡觉的时候暴露在光线下会增加一个人患癌症的几率。toexposedExposure-21-核心词汇核心句式联想拓展记考点(1)exposesth./sb./oneselfto.显露或暴露某事物/某人/自己于(2)beexposedto.暴露于-22-核心词汇核心句式5.absorb vt.吸收;吸引;使专心派生absorbedadj.全神贯注的absorbingadj.十分吸引人的领悟高考究考法写出下列句中absorb的意思(1)However,whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbecomeabsorbed.(2016北京,阅读理解A)(2)Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks.(2015北京,阅读理解C)(3)TheyabsorbedagreatdealofRomanculture.(4)Thelecturecompletelyabsorbedtheattentionoftheaudience.全神贯注的吸收吸收吸引-23-核心词汇核心句式联想拓展记考点(1)beabsorbedby为所吸收,为所吸引(2)beabsorbedin.全神贯注于-24-核心词汇核心句式6.blame vt.责备;谴责;找的差错;埋怨;把归咎于n.埋怨;责备;责怪;(过错、事故等的)责任领悟高考究考法完成句子(1)IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwasforMillersaccident.(2016全国丙,完形填空)我经常做噩梦,在梦中感觉我应该对米勒发生的事故负责。(2)Wecantourgenesformakingusfat.(2014重庆,阅读理解B)我们不能把我们肥胖的原因归咎于基因。(3)Iamreadytotake/bearforthemistake.我准备为这个错误承担责任。(4)Ifanyone,itsme.如果有人该承担责任,那就是我。toblameblametheblameistoblame-25-核心词汇核心句式联想拓展记考点(1)blamesb.forsth.因某事责备某人(2)bear/taketheblame承担责任(3)betoblame对(坏事)负有责任体会语境辨词义-26-核心词汇核心句式用blame或者scold的适当形式填空Parentsmaytheirchildrenwhentheyareuntidy.(2014广东,完形填空)当孩子们不整洁时,父母可能会训斥他们。Markbeforefortouchinghisfathersequipment.马克曾因摸他父亲的器材而受到责备。Nobodyistoforit.没有人会因此事受到责备。自助巩固blamen.&vt.“责备,责怪”,语气较轻。scoldvt.“责骂,训斥”,指大声呵斥、责备。常用于长辈对晚辈、上级对下级。scoldhadbeenscoldedblame-27-核心词汇核心句式7.link.to将和联系或者连接起来领悟高考究考法用介词或者link的适当形式填空(1)Studieshavelinkedhighexposuretoenvironmentalpollutionanincreasedriskofheartproblems.研究发现,长期暴露于环境污染中会增加心脏出问题的风险。(2)Therelationshipsyoudevelopnowwillprobablytotheonesyouvaluelater.(2016浙江,七选五)你现在发展的人际关系可能会与你将来所珍视的关系有关联想拓展记考点(1)linkup(withsb./sth.)(与某人/某事)连接、结合(2)link.to.将和连接或联系起来tobelinked-28-核心词汇核心句式8.contribute vt.& vi.捐款;贡献;捐助;投稿派生contributionn.贡献;捐款;稿件contributorn.捐赠者领悟高考究考法写出下列句子中contribute的意思(1)Werenotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontributetheirlivestothepoor.(2016四川,阅读理解B)(2)Allthepeopleinourschoolcontributedsomethingtothedisasterareas.(3)Minorcontinuedcontributingtothedictionary.用介词或者contribute的适当形式填空(4)RosaParksmadeagreattothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.(2016全国乙,阅读理解A)罗莎帕克斯为美国的民权运动做出了巨大的贡献。贡献捐献投稿contribution-29-核心词汇核心句式(5)Theexploregroupsofchildrenandyoungpeoplewhohave.(2016浙江,阅读理解B)捐赠者探索了拥有的许多孩子和年轻人。(6)Ourappetitefornewproductsalsocontributestheproblem.(2015安徽,完形填空)我们对新产品的喜爱也让这个问题更加严重。联想拓展记考点(1)contribute.to.把贡献给(2)contributeto.导致;向投稿;有助于(3)makecontributionsto.对做出贡献contributorsto-30-核心词汇核心句式9.apart from除之外领悟高考究考法诵读或翻译句子,体会黑体部分的含义(1)Apartfromanoccasionalnoisefromtheelephantsstomach,theforestwassilent.(2014重庆,阅读理解D)除了从大象的肚子里偶尔传来的声音,森林里非常寂静。(2)Apartfromthat,therewereallsortsofdisasters._联想拓展记考点(1)take.apart将拆开(2)tellsb./sth.apart分辨出某人/某物除此之外,还有各种各样的灾难。-31-核心词汇核心句式10.make sense讲得通;有意义;有道理领悟高考究考法翻译或者完成句子,体会黑体部分的含义(1)Thelecturesofferstudentsthechancetomathsknowledge.这些课给学生提供机会去理解数学知识。(2)Thesentencedoesntmakesense._(3)Bighousescanbringrichnessoflife.(2014福建,阅读理解D)大房子从某种意义上来说能让生活丰富多彩。makesenseof这个句子讲不通。inasense-32-核心词汇核心句式联想拓展记考点(1)makesenseof理解;明白(2)makenosense没道理;没意义(3)inasense/somesense从某种意义上来说(4)Thereisno/somesenseindoing.做是没有/有道理(意义)的。-33-核心词汇核心句式1.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。分析提炼究考法句中neither.nor.意为“既不也不”,连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时,谓语动词与靠近nor的主语在人称和数上保持一致,遵循语法上的就近一致原则。其他类似的结构还有:either.or.或者或者not.but.不是而是notonly.butalso.不仅而且-34-核心词汇核心句式领悟考法用考点用be的适当形式填空(1)NeithermywifenorImyselfabletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind.我妻子和我本人都没能说服女儿改变主意。(2)Notthepassengersbutthedrivertoblame.不是乘客而是司机应该受到责备。(3)Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentstoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.要么你,要么你的学生中的一个,要参加明天举行的会议。amwasis-35-核心词汇核心句式2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时,都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。分析提炼究考法(1)everytime引导时间状语从句,相当于whenever,意思是“每当”。(2)名词词组引导时间状语从句的有everytime,eachtime,anytime,thelasttime,nexttime,thefirsttime,themoment/instant,thesecond,theminute,thehour,theday等。(3)有些以-ly结尾的副词,如directly,instantly,immediately,也可引导时间状语从句。-36-核心词汇核心句式领悟考法用考点完成句子(1)hearrivedhomeattheendoftheday,wedgreethimatthedoor.(2016浙江,短文改错)每次他在一天结束的时候回到家,我们都会在门口迎接他。(2)IsawSuzyKhan,IknewIhadtohelpher.(2014北京,完形填空)第一次见到苏西汗的时候,我就知道我必须帮助她。(3)IarrivedinParis,IwasgreetedbyaniceFrenchcouple.一到巴黎,一对热心的法国夫妇就接待了我。EverytimeThefirsttimeThemoment/Immediately-37-核心词汇核心句式单句写作(4)我记得你最后一次参观我们学校的时候,给我展示了有关那个主题的一些照片。(2016全国甲,书面表达)_Irememberyoushowedmesomephotosonthatthemethelasttimeyouvisitedourschool.-38-核心词汇核心句式3.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。分析提炼究考法onlyif“只要,只有”,引导条件状语从句。引导的状语从句位于句首时,主句要采用部分倒装语序。注意:ifonly“但愿,要是就好了”,用以表示对现在、未来的愿望,或者与过去事实相反的愿望。-39-核心词汇核心句式领悟考法用考点完成句子(1)Peoplecouldbehappytheyboughtthe“right”products.人们只有买到“对的”产品才高兴。(2)hehadsomethingtostandon.要是有个东西他能站在上面就好了。onlyifIfonly-40- .单句填空1.Thisisan(instruct)book,fromwhichIhavelearntalot.2.Hehasmadeanimportant(contribute)tothecompanyssuccess.3.Ivegotanimportant(announce)tomake.4.Theriverhasbeenandmanybeautifulfisharefastdisappearingbecauseofthesevere.(pollute)5.Sheis(caution)abouttellingsecrets.6.Whatactivityisalsomentionedapartdiningintherestaurant?instructivecontributionannouncementpollutedpollutioncautiousfrom-41- 7.ItwasthelanguagethathelpedshapethewayImadesensetheworld.8.Thetwofamilieslinkedthroughthemarriageoftheirdaughterandson.9.Thearmywaswell-trainedandwell-armed,andhadlittledifficulty(defeat)theenemy.10.Fromtheabove,Icandrawthe(conclude)safely.ofupdefeatingconclusion-42- .单句改错1.Hewasabsorbinginhisreading.(2015福建,书面表达)_2.Heexposedtheplaninseveralnewspapers._3.Parentsblamethemfordropthetowelinthebathroom._4.Parentsshouldattendtheirchildrenandlendaneartowhattheyhavetosay._5.NotonlyJohnandTombutalsotheirsister,Mary,takegreatinterestinthepianolessons._absorbingabsorbedintodropdroppingattend后加totaketakes-43- 6.IhavepainsinmybackateverytimewhenIcatchacold._7.Onlypeopleareunitedcanwesolvetheproblems._8.Hisskinisexposingtothesun._9.Ileftimmediatetheclockstruck5._10.Itmakesasensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol._去掉atonly后加ifexposingexposedimmediateimmediately去掉a-44- .写作训练1.我对他的迟到负有责任。forhislateness.2.我全神贯注地看这本书,连你进来都没听见。IwassothatIdidnthearyoucamein.3.为过去担忧是毫无意义的。worryingaboutthepast.4.他有很多事要处理。Hehas.5.他因为对这个世界做了贡献而感觉自豪。Hetookpridein.IamtoblameabsorbedinthebookThereisnosenseinalotofthingstoattendtohavingcontributedtotheworld