小学英语系统复习目目录录01020304名词代词介词形容词目目录录05060708连词、冠词副词数词感叹词在我们生活中存在着形形色色的人与物，他们都有自己的称呼。像Sydney（悉尼）, door（门），family（家庭），简单来说，表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等名称的词都叫名词名词 n.专有名词专有名词普通名词普通名词12集体名词集体名词抽象名词抽象名词个体名词个体名词物质名词物质名词可可数数不不可可数数专有名词专有名词专有名词专有名词是指人、地是指人、地是指人、地是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的方、团体、机构等特有的方、团体、机构等特有的方、团体、机构等特有的名称。它的第一个字母必名称。它的第一个字母必名称。它的第一个字母必名称。它的第一个字母必须大写，专有名词前一般须大写，专有名词前一般须大写，专有名词前一般须大写，专有名词前一般不加冠词不加冠词不加冠词不加冠词2. 2.国家、山川、河流、地名国家、山川、河流、地名国家、山川、河流、地名国家、山川、河流、地名 Korea, Thailand, Egypt Korea, Thailand, Egypt Paris, Pacific Ocean Paris, Pacific Ocean Mt. Qomolangma Mt. Qomolangma1.1.人名、尊称和头衔人名、尊称和头衔人名、尊称和头衔人名、尊称和头衔 Einstein, Chairman Einstein, Chairman Xi,Xi, President Trump President Trump Mr. Brown,Doctor Mr. Brown,Doctor LinLin Queen Elizabeth II Queen Elizabeth II3. 3. 团体，机构，报刊团体，机构，报刊团体，机构，报刊团体，机构，报刊 China DailyChina Daily， ReutersReuters4.4.星期月日年和节日星期月日年和节日星期月日年和节日星期月日年和节日 WednesdayWednesday Sunday, National Day Sunday, National Day5.5.普通名词构成的专有名词普通名词构成的专有名词普通名词构成的专有名词普通名词构成的专有名词 The North Pole, the The North Pole, the Forbidden City, Forbidden City, the White House, the Temple of Heaven the White House, the Temple of Heaven普普通通名名词词个个体体名名词词物物质质名名词词抽抽象象名名词词集集体体名名词词可可数数不不可可数数集体名词集体名词集体名词集体名词army, audience, crowd,family, police army, audience, crowd,family, police peoplepeople物质名词物质名词物质名词物质名词air, oxygen(air, oxygen(氧气氧气) )， rainrain， snow, fire, iron, snow, fire, iron, wood , water, milk, tea, coffee, fish, chickenwood , water, milk, tea, coffee, fish, chicken个体名词个体名词个体名词个体名词author boss city cook engineer laundry 抽象名词抽象名词抽象名词抽象名词love, beauty, envy, respect, sadness, love, beauty, envy, respect, sadness, courage, truth, courage, truth, youth, courage, paceyouth, courage, pace水茶面包巧克力水茶面包巧克力咖啡牛奶与果汁咖啡牛奶与果汁鸡肉牛肉配米饭鸡肉牛肉配米饭头发雨草纸与钱头发雨草纸与钱爱与美丽和勇气爱与美丽和勇气力量真理与和平力量真理与和平悲伤嫉妒与青春悲伤嫉妒与青春温度尊敬和责任温度尊敬和责任名词名词的数的数可数名可数名词词不可数不可数名词名词单数单数a/ana/an复数复数-s,-s,-eses 1 1）一般情况下加）一般情况下加-s -s 如book-books（书） desk-desks（书桌） 2 2）以）以s ,x ,ch ,shs ,x ,ch ,sh结尾加结尾加-es -es 如box-boxes（盒子） bus-buses(公共汽车) 注意以 th 结尾加-s,month-months stomach-stomachs 3) 3)以辅音字母以辅音字母+ +结尾结尾, ,变变y y为为i i再加再加- - es. es. 如city-cities(城市) country-countries(国家)注意以元音+y,直接加s.如：day-days(天),boy-boys(男孩) 4)4)以以f f或或fefe结尾结尾, ,复数变复数变f f或或 fe fe 为为v v再加再加-es-es 如knife-knives(书) ,half-halves(一半)注意有少数词后直接加s,如roof-roofs (屋顶), safe-safes, chief-chiefs, belief-belifes 5) 5)以以o o结尾结尾 (1) (1)辅音字母加辅音字母加o o结尾名结尾名词的加词的加-es-es 如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮) potato-potatoes(土豆) (2) (2) 元音字母加元音字母加o o结尾名词的加结尾名词的加- -s s 如piano-pianos (钢琴),zoo-zoos(动物园) photo-photos (照片),kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠) kilo-kilos(千克)注意zero 两种方式都可：zero-zeros或 zeroes(零)妻子持刀去宰狼妻子持刀去宰狼妻子持刀去宰狼妻子持刀去宰狼小偷吓得发了慌小偷吓得发了慌小偷吓得发了慌小偷吓得发了慌躲在架后保己命躲在架后保己命躲在架后保己命躲在架后保己命半片树叶遮目光半片树叶遮目光半片树叶遮目光半片树叶遮目光妻子妻子妻子妻子 wifewifewifewife刀刀刀刀 knifeknifeknifeknife狼狼狼狼 wolfwolfwolfwolf小偷小偷小偷小偷 thiefthiefthiefthief架子架子架子架子 shelfshelfshelfshelf自己自己自己自己 selfselfselfself生命生命生命生命 lifelifelifelife一半一半一半一半 halfhalfhalfhalf树叶树叶树叶树叶 leafleafleafleaff & fe海湾海湾海湾海湾边、边、边、边、屋顶屋顶屋顶屋顶上，上，上，上，首领奴仆首领奴仆首领奴仆首领奴仆两相望；两相望；两相望；两相望；谁说他们无谁说他们无谁说他们无谁说他们无信仰信仰信仰信仰，证据证据证据证据写在写在写在写在手帕手帕手帕手帕上。上。上。上。例如：例如：gulf, roof, chief, serf, gulf, roof, chief, serf, belief, proof, handkerchiefbelief, proof, handkerchief，这些，这些名词变复数直接加名词变复数直接加 -s-s。o黑人和英雄吃土豆西红柿黑人和英雄吃土豆西红柿 +es+esNegroes and heroes eat tomatmes Negroes and heroes eat tomatmes and potatoes.and potatoes.你在你在zoozoo里，看见一根里，看见一根bamboobamboo，上面挂，上面挂着着photophoto照的是一架照的是一架pianopiano，上面放着一个，上面放着一个radioradio+s+s中国人中国人开着开着开着开着宇宙飞船宇宙飞船宇宙飞船宇宙飞船去吃去吃去吃去吃日本人日本人日本人日本人的的的的绵羊绵羊绵羊绵羊鹿鹿鹿鹿和和和和鱼鱼鱼鱼Chinese spacecraft Japanese sheep Chinese spacecraft Japanese sheep Chinese spacecraft Japanese sheep Chinese spacecraft Japanese sheep deer fishdeer fishdeer fishdeer fish（单复同形）（单复同形）（单复同形）（单复同形）中日不变英法变，其余中日不变英法变，其余中日不变英法变，其余中日不变英法变，其余 -s-s-s-s加后面加后面加后面加后面。例如：例如：1)Chinese Chinese, Japanese 1)Chinese Chinese, Japanese JapaneseJapanese； 2)Englishman Englishmen, 2)Englishman Englishmen, Englishwoman Englishwomen,Englishwoman Englishwomen, Frenchman Frenchmen, Frenchwoman Frenchman Frenchmen, Frenchwoman FrenchwomenFrenchwomen； 3)American Americans, Russian 3)American Americans, Russian Russians, Russians, Arab Arabs, German Germans Arab Arabs, German Germans 等。等。 不可数名词的量不可数名词的量不可数名词的量不可数名词的量- - - -用用用用ofofofof表示表示表示表示a glass of watera glass of watera glass of watera glass of watera jar of jama jar of jama jar of jama jar of jama pocket of sweeta pocket of sweeta pocket of sweeta pocket of sweetthree cups of three cups of three cups of three cups of coffeecoffeecoffeecoffeetwo bags of ricetwo bags of ricetwo bags of ricetwo bags of rice单词单词/ /短语短语意义意义单词单词/ /短语短语意义意义not any/no 没有 a lot of 许多little几乎没有losts of a little/ some一些plenty of most大部分muchall全部a great deal of 名词所名词所有格有格有生命的所有格有生命的所有格 ss单数词尾单数词尾+s+s复数词尾复数词尾+s+s无生命的名词所有格无生命的名词所有格 of+ n. of+ n. the title of the novel the title of the novel the window of the housethe window of the housethe end of the roadthe end of the roadthe subject of the sentencethe subject of the sentenceThe professor gave him one of the best _ after class.A. piece of advice B. pieces of advicesC. piece of advices D. piece of adviceGo straight, _ and youll find a sign for the toilet.A.three minutes away B. three minutes walkC.three minutes away D. three minutes walkThe woman over there is _ mother.A. Lilys and Lucys mother B.Lilys and LucyC. Lily and Lucys D.Lily and LucyMove along and make _ for me.A. a room B. roomC. chair D. tables 1.Two _(family) live in this building.2.Look at those_(child).3.I can see a _(policeman).4. There are some_(glass) on the table.5. Would you like some _(bread)?