过去分词过去分词 Past Participle p课题策划： Guan2021/5/251目录1 1、谓语、谓语* *2 2、表语、表语3 3、定语、定语4 4、状语、状语5 5、宾语补足语、宾语补足语2021/5/252谓谓 语语*“Have + “Have + 过去分词过去分词” ” 完成时完成时/ /非谓语动词的完成时非谓语动词的完成时 我已经看过这个电影了 I have seen this film already. 你看见我的包了么？ Have you seen my bag?“be + “be + 过去分词过去分词” ” 被动被动/ /非谓语动词的被动非谓语动词的被动 孩子们被照顾得很好 The children were well looked after2021/5/253表表 语语主语+谓语+宾语主语+系动词+表语实意动词实意动词（半）系动词半）系动词2021/5/254表表 语语1. V-ed 放在系动词（be, get, feel, seem, look, become)之后做表语，表示性质，特征，状态。 主要表示动作的完成和状态，相当于adj.我的心碎了。My heart is broken.玻璃被Jack打碎了The glass was broken by Jack.门仍然锁着。The door remained locked.2021/5/255表表 语语Be+V-ed 表状态 V-ed相当于adj.The shop is closed now.The window is broken.The town is surrounded by hills.V-ed 表动作（被动语态） It was broken by TimIt usually closed at 8 pm.It will be completed next spring.2. 表语表语 vs. 被动被动2021/5/256表表 语语3. 当人做主语时，用V-ed做表语，表主语的思想感情。当我们听到这个故事的时候， 我们被深深的感动了。 When we heard of the story, we were deeply moved. 2021/5/257表表 语语4. 某些V-ed并非过去分词，而是由n. 变化而来的adj. 为此我自感羞愧 I am ashamed of myself for it.作为一个艺术家，她很有天赋。 As an artist, she is quite gifted.2021/5/258定语定语不及物不及物 V-ed V-ed 作定语，表作定语，表动作已完成动作已完成。 被动落叶 fallen leaves 退休的老师 A retired teacher升起的太阳 risen sun及物及物V-ed V-ed 作定语，表作定语，表被动被动或或已完成的被动已完成的被动。一位受尊敬的客人 an honored guest一个分裂的国家 a divided country. .2021/5/259定语定语2. V-ed 作定语，一般在被修饰词之前。 The broken clock should be repaired as soon as possible.但也有个别V-ed 习惯后置。 There is little time left. I want to change the material used.2021/5/2510定语定语3. 被修饰词是由 不定代词Every/ some/ any/no + thing/ body 所构成的，V-ed后置。例：有人受伤吗？Is anybody injured?2021/5/2511定语定语4. V-ed 短语做（后置）定语，相当于定语从句He is reading a novel written by Lu Xun.He is reading a novel (which was) written by Lu Xun.V-ed 短语做非限制性定语，相当于非限制性定语从句The books, written by Lu Xun， are popular with many Chinese people.The books, which was written by Lu Xun， are popular with many Chinese people2021/5/2512定语定语5. V-ed作定语时三种时态The building built last year is very beautiful. The building big built will be completed next month.The building to be built will be a hospital. (已发生）（正在发生）（将来时）2021/5/2513状语状语1. V-ed作状语，表被动或完成的动作。 Written in a hurry, the article was not so good!不及物V-ed不表被动，只表完成。 fallen leaves有些V-ed来源于系表结构，作状语不表被动而表主动:Lost, seat, hidden, stationed, born, Lost/absorbed in, dressed in, tired ofeg: Lost in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it.2021/5/2514状语状语2. V-ed 作状语，其逻辑主语 = 主句主语时， 应注意人称一致。_ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge._ from the hills, the city looks beautiful.BelievingSeen2021/5/2515状语状语2. V-ed 作状语，前面再加逻辑主语，主句的主语不再是分局句逻辑主语，这种带主语的过去分词叫做_The signal given, the bus started._有时也用 “with/without + n.+分词” 表示伴随状况。 例：他们安静地坐在那里，眼睛盯着湖面。 They sat there silently, with their eyes fixed on the lake. The thief was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.独立主格结构独立主格结构独立主格结构独立主格结构2021/5/2516状语状语3. V-ed 做时间、原因、条件，让步或伴随状语，相当于相应的状语从句。时间：Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. _ , the city looks beautiful.条件：Given another chance, he will do better. _ , he will do better.原因：_, Tom didnt know what to do. Because he was surprised at what happened, Tom didnt know 让步：_, I wont take part in the party. Even if I am invited, I wont take part in the party.伴随：The scientist entered into the lab,_. The scientist entered into the lab, with his assistant followed him.When it is seen from the hillIf he is given another chance Surprised at what happenedEven if invitedfollowed by his assistant2021/5/2517状语状语4. 状语从句改过去分词作状语，有时保留连词，构成“连词+过去分词”While，when，once，until，if，thougheg: When given a medial examination, you should keep calm.2021/5/2518状语状语5. 过去分词可以放到主句前，做句首状语，后面用逗号隔开； 也可以放到主句后面，前面用逗号隔开。They sat there silently, with their eyes fixed on the lake. With their eyes fixed on the lake, they sat there silently.2021/5/2519宾语补足语（宾补）宾语补足语宾语补足语 vs. 双宾语双宾语He bought a dog from the pet clinic, and named it Jayson.I shall give you a dog.2021/5/2520宾语补足语：用来说明宾语，与宾语形成主谓关系。形式：“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”He bought a dog from the pet clinic, and named it Jayson. We call her sister Li双宾语：有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语, 形式：“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”I shall give you a dog.My parents bought me a computer.宾语补足语宾语补足语 vs. 双宾语双宾语It is Jayson.She is sister Li2021/5/2521宾语补足语宾语补足语1. 表感觉，心理状态感官动词（see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, observe, think, find）+ V-ed 作宾补，表被动。例：我刚刚看到一个老人被车撞倒了。I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.* See sb./ sth. done 2021/5/2522宾语补足语宾语补足语2. 表“使让”使役动词（let, make, get, keep, leave, have) + V-ed, 表使让。It was so cold that the driver couldnt get the car started. The news really made me disappointed. * Make sb./sth. do Make sb./sth. done2021/5/2523宾语补足语宾语补足语Have/get + 宾语+ 过去分词（宾补）主动请别人做某事他想去剪头发He wants to have his hair cut.主语遭遇某种情况他在打篮球的时候伤到了胳膊。He had/got his arm injured while playing basketball.普通被动含义 “使得 被”我们要在春节前把墙刷完。We are going to have/get the wall painted before Spring Festival.2021/5/2524宾语补足语宾语补足语3. 表“希望”、“要求”、“命令” 等如 like, want, wish, order例：我可不想我的女儿天黑以后被带出去I dont want my daughter to be taken out after dark.* Want to do sth. Want sb./ sth. done (被动）2021/5/2525宾语补足语宾语补足语(to) V./ V-ing/ V-ed 作宾补的区别I saw him take away the book just now.I saw him taking away the book on the desk.I saw the book taken away by a child.I saw you blamed.主动（结果）主动（结果）正在（过程）正在（过程）被动被动被动被动2021/5/2526练练 习习1.All the people would like to see the law _ . (pass)2.He had his leg _ (break) yesterday.3.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ (lose) for words.4.With his homework _ (finish), he went out to play.passedbrokenlostfinished2021/5/25272021/5/2528