The infinitive The infinitive 动词不定式动词不定式 动词的基本一用法是做谓语，当句中已有谓语动词时，如果再要用动词时就只能用非谓语动词。非谓语动词：指在句中起名词、形容词或副词作用的动词形式。而不是作谓语的动词形式。非谓语动词主要包括动词不定式、 动名词和分词。一、动词不定式一一.动词不定式的基本形式动词不定式的基本形式动词不定式的构成：肯定式：“to+动词原形。如：to work,to ride a bike否定形式：not to+动词原形。如：not to play with fire.有时to可以省略. 尽管动词不定式不能做谓语，但它仍具有动词的特点，可以带有自己的宾语和状语，构成动词不定式短语，eg:to read books,to read books every morning。在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语 二、动词不定式的用法动词不定式的用法 动词不定式的构成：“to+动词原形（to do sth)”构成，其否定形式是(not to do sth),有时to可以省略，它具有动词的特点，可以带有自己的宾语和状语，构成动词不定式短语，eg:to read books,to read books every morning。在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语。1.作主语作主语To travel around China is my dream.Tts our duty to clean classroom2.作表语（表示愿望、责任、义务等）作表语（表示愿望、责任、义务等）His wish is to be a policemanThe first important thing is to save the boys life now3、作宾语、作宾语 常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope,plan learn,seem,choose,fail,agree,prefer,happen, decide,pretend,advise,try,wish等。Eg:She decided to study abroad. They planed to go hiking.巧学妙计巧学妙计后跟不定式作宾语的动词或短语列举如下后跟不定式作宾语的动词或短语列举如下想要、拒绝、忘记。(want,would like,refuse,forget)需要、努力、学习。(need,try learn)喜欢、同意、帮助。(like,agree,help)希望决定、开始。(hope /wish,decide,begin/start)4、作宾语补足语、作宾语补足语常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tellask want order teach invite wish help warn get 等,即“tell sb to do sth”句型。I wish her to go to a good college.I told him not to draw on the wall.巧学妙计巧学妙计后跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词或短语列举如下后跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词或短语列举如下告诉、请求、要、命令（告诉、请求、要、命令（tell,ask,want,order)希望、邀请，教、帮助希望、邀请，教、帮助(wish,invite,teach,help)警告，喜欢。使（人）恨警告，喜欢。使（人）恨(warn,like,let,hate)5.作状语作状语 常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：（come,go,travel,leave,run等）以及一些表语形容词sorry,glad,surprised,disppointed,excited等作目的、原因、结果主要Eg:I come to see you. I am sorry to trouble you 6.作定语作定语 动词不定式作定语放在所修饰的名词或代词之后， 动词不定式与被修饰的词之间有的是逻辑上的动宾关系，主谓关系。动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词时，切记不能忘记介词Eg:I have a lot of books to read. He is always the first boy to come to our class I have a small room to live in三、常用的不带三、常用的不带to的的动词不定式的动词不定式的情况情况部分使役动词和感官动词接不定式作宾补时，省略部分使役动词和感官动词接不定式作宾补时，省略to.但变为被动语态时，把省咯的但变为被动语态时，把省咯的to加上。如：加上。如：let sb. do sth. make sb. do sth had better do sth.had better not do sth Will you please not do sthWill you please do sth.Lets do sth.Why not do sth.I often see him play basketball on the playgroundThe boss made them work day and night 四四、疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式 动词不定式可以用在疑问词动词不定式可以用在疑问词 who, what, which, where, when, how 等之后，构成不定式短语，等之后，构成不定式短语， 作主语、宾语、宾语补足语，如：作主语、宾语、宾语补足语，如： How to get there is a question I dont know what to do. He showed me how to use the computer五、动词后跟五、动词后跟to do与与doing时的异同时的异同 有些动词后跟有些动词后跟to do和和doing作宾语，意义上无太作宾语，意义上无太大区别，如大区别，如like love hato begin start。但有些。但有些区别很大。区别很大。 remember to do sth(记住去做某事） remember doing sth (记得做过某事） forget to do sth (忘记去做某事） forget doing sth (忘记做过某事） stop to do sth (停下来去做某事） stop doing sth (停止做某事） go on to do sth(接着做另一件某事） go on to do sth（继续做同一件事） 六、六、常用的只带常用的只带 doing的动词的动词 keep doingenjoy doing practise doingfinish doingmind doinghow about doingbe busy doingbe busy doingspendspend(in) doing(in) doingsuggest doingsuggest doingprefer doing to prefer doing to doingdoing介词介词+ doing+ doing 1.Our teacher always tells us _ more English in and out of class. A.speak B.spoken C.to speak D.speaking 2. Theres nobody here. Lets play football. - No, we cant. My tather often tells me _ in the street. Its dangerous. A. to play B. dont play C. not to play 3. There are some dangerous fishes in this river, and Ive warned Jack _ here. A. not to swim B. to not swim C. swim not to D. to swim not4. Jane likes singing. We often hear her _ after class. A. sing B. to sing C.sings D. sang 5. Could you tell me _ to have the picnic?- Near the South Beach. A. what B.why C. when D. whereCCAAD11. Why were you so late for work today? - _ to the office is very slow in the morning because of the traffic. A.Driving B.I drove C.To drive D. That I drove12. Writing stories and articles _ what I enjoy most. A. is B. are C. was D.were13.Its no use _.A. to quarrel B. quarrelling C. quarrelled D. being quarrelling 14. After taking some _ pills, he got to sleep at last. A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. slept15. It is believed if a book is _ , it will surely _ the reader. A. interested ; interest B. interesting; interested C. interested ; interesting D. interesting; interestAAACD6.She preferred _ a walk along the river rather than _ TV. A. takes; watches B. taking ; watching C. to take ; to watch D. to take ; watch7. We can use QQ to talk with each other on the Internet.- Really? Will you please show me _ it ? A. what to use B. how to use C.how can I use D. what can I use8. Whats your problem? I have trouble _ these words in English. A. talking B.saying B.telling D. speaking9.Colours can change our moods and make us _ happy or sad, energetic or sleepy. A. to feel B.feeling C.felt D.feel10. I dont know how to improve my English level. - _ join an English club? A. What about B. What for C. Why dont D. Why notDBBDD16.A policeman saw two thieves _a girls mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once. A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen17. In the ant city, the queens job is _ eggs. A. lay B. lain C. laying D. to lay18. _ , he is always helping others A. A league member B. Being a league member C Is a league member D.Been a league member19. The window is _, Ill ask someone to fix it. A. to break B. to break C. breaking D.broken 20.The man _ to the teacher is our monitors father. A. spoken B. speaking C .speak D. to speakBDBDB