第三部分写作导练第1讲基本句型,舍我其谁五大基本句型在写作中的应用一、魔法导航一、魔法导航句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子,但英语中最基本的句型只有五种,其他各种句型都是由这五种基本句型转换而来的。五种基本句型如下:1.主语主语+谓语谓语本结构由“主语+不及物动词”构成,不及物动词后不能有宾语,用来表示主语的动作。主语可以有定语来修饰,谓语也可以有状语来修饰。典句引领典句引领Iworkinacomputerfirm.EverydayIgetupearlyinthemorning.Afterbreakfast,Igotoworkbybike.我在一家电脑公司工作。每天早上我都早早起床。早饭后,我骑自行车去上班。雕词琢句雕词琢句(1) Some famous Chinese artists will perform(一些著名的中国艺术家将会表演)onthatday.(2017课标全国卷)(2) We can set out/set off (我们能出发)earlysothatwellhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.(2016课标全国卷)(3)一句多译一句多译这个训练营将于7月20号开营。a:This training camp will open on July 20th.(willdo)b:This training camp is going to open on July 20th.(isgoingtodo)c:This training camp is to open on July 20th.(betodo)2.主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语本结构由“主语+及物动词+宾语”构成,谓语动词是主语发出的动作,但是意思还不完整,后面需要跟宾语,即动作的承受者。充当宾语的有:名词、代词、从句等。典句引领典句引领ItookanEnglishexamyesterday.Ihadprepareditfortwoweeks.BeforeIturnedinthepaper,Icheckeditcarefully.昨天我参加了一场英语考试。我为此已经准备了两周的时间。在上交试卷之前,我仔细地检查了一下。雕词琢句雕词琢句(1)You can find some original poems(你可以找一些原创诗歌)offamouspoets,suchasLiBaiandDuFu.(2017课标全国卷)(2)Everyone has their favorite season(每个人都有他们最喜欢的季节)whilespringismyfavorite.(2016四川卷)(3)We would/will especially welcome those articles(我们尤其欢迎那些文章)abouthowAmericansspendtheirholidaysandfestivals.(2015课标全国卷)3.主语主语+谓语谓语+双宾语双宾语即“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。如果把直接宾语放在间接宾语前,需要借助介词to或for。需要借助介词to的动词有:bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,promise,send,show,teach等。需要借助介词for的动词有:buy,cook,get,make,save等。典句引领典句引领Mr.SmithhastaughtusEnglishfor3years.Yesterdaywashis50thbirthday.EveryoneofusboughthimapresentandIeventoldhimaninterestingstory.史密斯先生教我们英语已经三年了。昨天是他50岁生日。我们每个人都给他买了一个礼物,我甚至给他讲了一个有趣的故事。雕词琢句雕词琢句(1) It offers teenagers a chance(它向青少年提供了一个机会)toenjoysportsandlearnaboutChineseculture.句型转换:将上面的句子变成被动语态A chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture is offered to teenagers by it. (2)我希望这个变化不会给你造成太多的麻烦。(2016课标全国卷)I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.(3)那真给了我们很大的成就感。That really gave us a great sense of achievement.4.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语本结构由“主语+系动词+表语”构成,主要用来说明主语的特征、状态、类属和身份等。系动词可以分为以下几类:1.表示特征和存在状态的:be,appear,feel,look,seem,smell,sound,taste等;2.表示状态延续的:remain,stay,keep,stand等;3.表示状态变化的:become,get,go,turn,grow等。典句引领典句引领MyEnglishismuchbetterthanbefore.Ifeelveryhappy.Iamverygratefulforyourhelp.我的英语比以前好多了。我感到非常高兴。我非常感谢你的帮助。雕词琢句雕词琢句(1)Somecompromiseswereunavoidable,but the video proved perfect(这个视频后来证明很完美).(2) I am Li Hua(我是李华)fromyourEnglishwritingclasslastterm.(2016课标全国卷)(3)The“ForeignCultures”sectioninourEnglishnewspaper is very popular(非常受欢迎)amongusstudents.(2015课标全国卷)5.主语主语+谓语谓语(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语本结构中宾语后面需要有成分对其进行补充说明,这就是宾语补足语。可以作宾补的有:形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式。典句引领典句引领Theoldmanhadalovelydaughter.HenamedherLily.Hemadeherveryhappyeverydayandwantedhertobecomeanartist.这个老人有一个可爱的女儿。他叫她莉莉。每天他都让她很高兴并且想让她成为一名艺术家。雕词琢句雕词琢句(1)I consider his advice/suggestion very useful (认为他的建议非常有用),althoughmanypeopleareagainstit.(2)你的贡献(contribution)一定会使这次活动获得巨大的成功。Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success.(3) I am writing to invite you to visit(我正写信邀请你参观)thepaper-cuttingexhibition.(2017课标全国卷)二、学以致用二、学以致用1.完美文章完美文章结合括号中的提示,用基本句型完成下面的文章。DearJim,Itsgreattohearfromyou.(1) I feel proud(我感到自豪)knowingyourinterestinChinesehistory.AsformyfavoritefigureinChinesehistory,(2) it must be Wei Yuan(那一定是魏源),agreatthinkerinthelateQingdynasty.Inhisbook,HaiguoTuzhi(MapsandRecordsoftheWorld),(3) he introduced modern technologies (他引入了现代技术)andideastoChina.(4)That opened our eyes(那使我们认清)totheworld.Infact,(5) he inspired me to major in English(他激励了我主修英语)incollege.Interestedinknowingmore?(6) I can find you some books(我能给你找一些书籍)!Justletmeknow.Cheers!Yours,LiHua2.话题写作话题写作【本期话题】人际关系【写作微练】生活中人人都需要朋友。请你结合个人的经历简单阐述“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”的含义。注意:至少运用三种基本句型。答案答案Onepossibleversion:Asweallknow,theproverb“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”meansthatoneshouldbeloyaltohis/herfriendsanddoesntbetraytheminanysituations.Asforme,IwillneverforgetthetimewhenIsufferedfromaninfectiousdisease.IhadtostayathomeuntilIwascured.IhadmissedsomanylessonsandIfoundittoodifficulttocatchupwithmyclassmates.Atthattime,oneofmyfriendsinsistedonhelpingmewithmystudy,nomatterhowmyparentstriedtopersuadehimnottodoso.Thankstohishelp,Ididntfallbehindothers.Ireallyunderstoodthemeaningoftruefriendshipforthefirsttime.三、实战提能三、实战提能假定你是李华,正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知他下次上课的计划。内容包括:(1)时间和地点;(2)内容:学习唐诗;(3)课前准备:简要了解唐朝的历史。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。文章体裁文章体裁应用文应用文主要人称主要人称第一人称、第二人称和第三人称主体时态主体时态一般现在时和一般将来时要点分解要点分解1.话题引入(告知下次上课的计划)2.时间和地点3.内容:学习唐诗4.课前准备:简要了解唐朝的历史我会审题我会审题我会联想我会联想1.词汇铺路(1)计划plan(2)诗歌poetry(3)诗人poet(4)背景background(5)材料material(6)唐朝the Tang dynasty(7)例如such as/for example/for instance2.句型搭桥sth./sb.playsa(n).role/partin.我会表达答案答案Onepossibleversion:DearLeslie,Iamwritingtoinformyouofourcourseplanforthenextclass,whichisaboutthepoetryoftheTangdynasty.WewillhaveitthisFriday,inClassroom602,Building6.Inordertolearnitbetter,youneedtodothefollowingthingsbeforethenextclass.Atfirst,pleasereadsomematerialsaboutthepoetryoftheTangdynasty,whichplaysanextremelysignificantroleinourliterature.Youcanfindsomeoriginalpoemsoffamouspoets,suchasLiBaiandDuFu.Besides,knowingthehistoryoftheTangdynastywillbeofgreatbenefittoyou,foryoucanunderstandthebackgroundofthepoems.YouaresodiligentandIamgladtoteachyou.Isincerelylookforwardtoournextclassandyourreply.Yours,LiHua美句必背美句必背1.YoumightaswellmakesomepreparationsbeforethenextclassforthepurposeofpromotingyourunderstandingofTangpoems.2.Undoubtedly,knowingthehistoryoftheTangdynastywillcontributetounderstandingthepoemsbetter.3.SodiligentareyouthatyouwilldigestthepoemsquicklyandenjoythebeautyofthetraditionalChineseculture.