同位语从句同位语从句GrammarGrammar 名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clause1. Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. 2. Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brothers. 3.I have no idea when he will come back home. What does the underlined part serve as in each sentence? 同位语 同位语从句 1. 概念概念: 在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 2. 功能功能: 同位语从句对名词进一步解释，是同位语从句对名词进一步解释，是名词的具名词的具体内容体内容。 3.引导词：引导词： 常用常用 that 引导或用连接副词引导或用连接副词when / where /why / how / whether 简单句句子简单句句子结构结构主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语主语主语+谓语（谓语（vi）主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语There be 句型句型主语主语+被动结构被动结构 如果同位语从句意义完整如果同位语从句意义完整, 则用则用that引导引导。that不充当任何成分不充当任何成分, 只起连接作用只起连接作用。如：如： The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once. 将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。(the soldiers should cross the river at once是是the order的全部内容的全部内容, 且意义完整，因此应且意义完整，因此应用用that引导同位语从句引导同位语从句) 如果同位语从句意思不完整，需增加如果同位语从句意思不完整，需增加“是否是否”的含义的含义, 则应该用则应该用whether引导。引导。如：如： Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time. 我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 注意注意: if不能引导同位语从句。不能引导同位语从句。 如果同位语从句意义不完整如果同位语从句意义不完整, 需增加需增加“什么什么时候时候”、“什么地点什么地点”、“什么方式什么方式”等含义等含义, 应该用应该用when, where, how等词引导。等词引导。如：如： I have no idea when Chaplins film will be on. 我不知道卓别林的电影什么时候放映。我不知道卓别林的电影什么时候放映。I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike. 我记不清他是怎样回家的我记不清他是怎样回家的, 或许是骑自行车或许是骑自行车回去的。回去的。 当主句的谓语较短当主句的谓语较短, 而同位语从句较长时，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。同位语从句常后置。如：如： The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。Word came that he had left his wife.他离开妻子的消息传来。他离开妻子的消息传来。4.4.其后常用同位语从句的名词其后常用同位语从句的名词可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是抽象名词抽象名词，通常，通常有有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息）（消息）, possibility等。如：等。如： 1) Ive come from Mr. Wang with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。能来看你了。注注: 1. 同位语从句多用同位语从句多用that 引导引导;2. 在在 have no idea 之后常用之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句。 I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.2) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.3) The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.demand ，suggestion, proposal等同位语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即: ( should ) + 动词原形eg.The suggestion that the plan ( should ) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.推迟那项计划的建议将在明天讨论。5.虚拟语气在同位语从句中的用法虚拟语气在同位语从句中的用法6. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别 同位语从句同位语从句 定语从句定语从句that只是起连接作用，只是起连接作用，不充当成分不充当成分that起连接作用，起连接作用，充当充当主语或宾语主语或宾语对前面名词进行补充对前面名词进行补充说明，是说明，是名词的具体名词的具体内容内容对前面名词进行对前面名词进行修饰修饰或限定或限定that不能省不能省that作宾语时可省作宾语时可省 The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句同位语从句, 补充说明补充说明news到底是一个什到底是一个什么消息么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句定语从句, news在从句中作在从句中作told的宾语的宾语) I have heard the news that he visited factory.I have heard the news that he told you the other day. 同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句1. They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.2. The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. 3. The fact that she works hard is well known to us all. 4. I cant stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly. 同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句 【实践见真知实践见真知】一一. 用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空1.The news _ he cant come to help us worries us a lot.2.I have no idea _ he will return.3.I have no information _ he went camping last Sunday.4.He expressed the opinion _ Tom should be made manager of the factory.thatthatwhenwhere5.Theres no doubt _ he was killed in the accident.6.Theres great doubt _ he did so or not.7.He told me the news _ his house had just burned down.8.Word came _ the President of the USA would inspect the army.thatwhetherthatthat1.（2013.浙江）浙江）the only way to succeed at theHighest level is to have total belief you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A. how B. that C. which D. whether高考链接高考链接2.(2007上海春招上海春招) It was known to all that William had broken his promise he would give them a rise .A. which B. what C. that D. whetherC3. (2013 上海上海)I have no idea the cell phone isnt working , so could you fix it for me ? A. what B. whyC. if D. which4.(2006 .全国全国)we still have many doubts the food safety problems will be solved properly in the near future.A. how B. that C. why D. whetherD5.It is the fact he doesnt know his birthday surprised us all.A.which; which B. that; thatC. which; that D. that; which6.(2008.上海春招上海春招)One of the men held the view the manager in charge of the company said was right.A. that what B. what that C. that D.whatAHomework将两个单句改写为含有同位语从句的复合句将两个单句改写为含有同位语从句的复合句.1. The news excited us. Our team won the game2. The fact is clear. Women can work as well as men.