1Grammar and usageGrammar and usage21.That you dont like him is none of my business.2. I believe that he can pass the final exam.3. The trouble is that I have lost his address. 4. The news that China won the match excited us. _subjectobjectpredicativeappositive3什么叫名词性从句？什么叫名词性从句？n n在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句句 ( (Noun ClausesNoun Clauses）n n名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, , 它它在复合句中能担任在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、主语、宾语、表语、同位语同位语等等n n因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句语从句、表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句。4名词性从句名词性从句nounclauses 主语从句主语从句subjectclause 宾语从句宾语从句objectclause 表语从句表语从句predicativeclause 同位语从句同位语从句appositiveclause5名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.主主语语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.表表语语6Idontlikehisjob.Idontlikewhathedoeseveryday.宾宾语语Idontknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idontknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.同同位位语语7找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Could you tell me where does helive?2.Idontknowwhenwillhecome.Couldyoutellmewherehelives?Idontknowwhenhewillcome.规律：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！规律：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！8主语从句主语从句nWhatshedidisnotyetknown.nWhoevercomesiswelcome.nWhetherhellcomehereisntclear.9nIdoubtwhetherhewillsucceed.nYoumaydowhatyoulike.nHetoldusthathefeltill.宾语从句宾语从句10nThe trouble is that I have lost his address.nAll this was over twenty years ago, but its as if it was only yesterday.nThe question is how he did it.表语从句表语从句11nThey were all worried about the fact that you were sick.nEarly in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.nI have no idea whether hell come or not.同位语从句同位语从句12Howtojudgeaclause:学习名从要知道学习名从要知道;及物动词最重要及物动词最重要;动词之前叫主从动词之前叫主从;动词之后是宾从。动词之后是宾从。系动词也贼重要系动词也贼重要;它的后面跟表从它的后面跟表从;千万不能忘介词千万不能忘介词;它的殿后亦宾从它的殿后亦宾从13关于关于that引导的主语从句引导的主语从句nThatheisstillaliveisunbelievable.nThatweshallbelateiscertain.n特点：无意义，不作任何句中成分，特点：无意义，不作任何句中成分，只起连接作用，只起连接作用，不可以不可以省略！省略！14注意注意 n有时候为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，有时候为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，或者是为了强调，常用或者是为了强调，常用it来做来做形式主语形式主语，把，把that引导的主语从句放到后面。引导的主语从句放到后面。nIt is certain that she will do well in her exam.nIts a pity that we cant go.nIt is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.151.It+be+adj.(true,certain,possible,obvious,likely)that2.It+be+nounphrase(nowonder,anhonour,apity,)that3.It+be+V-ed(said,reported,expected,announced.)that.It作形式主语的句型作形式主语的句型:16nI think (that) English is easy to learn.nYou said (that) you like your mother very much.n特点：无任何实际意义，也不作任何句特点：无任何实际意义，也不作任何句子成分，只是起连接作用，子成分，只是起连接作用，且且常常省略。常常省略。关于关于that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句17n在某些复合宾语的句式中，也常用在某些复合宾语的句式中，也常用it作作形式宾语，把形式宾语，把that引导的宾语从句放引导的宾语从句放在后面。在后面。nShe made it clear that she had nothing to do with the matter.nWe thought it a pity that he couldnt come.注意注意 18特殊情况特殊情况nthat 在以下情况不省略在以下情况不省略：n1. make, find, feel, consider等这些词等这些词的后面用的后面用it作形式宾语时，作形式宾语时，that不省略。不省略。nI find it necessary that we should study English.19n2. 及物动词后有两个宾语从句时，第及物动词后有两个宾语从句时，第二个二个that不可以不可以省略。省略。nHe said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there.n3. 与动词相隔离的宾语从句一般与动词相隔离的宾语从句一般不省不省略略that.nThe teacher tells us that we should study hard.20nthat 引导表语从句，用来表示某一事引导表语从句，用来表示某一事实，也能表示某人的观点，意见，要实，也能表示某人的观点，意见，要求和希望等求和希望等nThe problem is that her parents couldnt accept me.nThe fact is that he cant come tomorrow.n特点特点: that作为连接词，不充当任何成作为连接词，不充当任何成分且一般不省略分且一般不省略关于关于that引导的表语从句引导的表语从句21nThe news that our team won the first prize excited all of us.nThe fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity.n特点：对前面的名词作进一步的说明，特点：对前面的名词作进一步的说明，无实际意义，不作任何成分，无实际意义，不作任何成分，但不可但不可以省略以省略。关于关于that引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句22if(是否是否)和和whether的选用的选用if只能使用只能使用于于:a.及物动词后的宾语从句及物动词后的宾语从句b.ifornotIwonderif/whetherthatsagoodidea.Iwanttoknowif/whetherhewillcomeornot.23if/whether1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2._wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.if/whetherWhether243.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.4.Idontknow_heiswellornot.5.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.whetherwhether/ifwhether256.Thequestionis_heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion_theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idontknow_togo.whetherwhetherwhether26that和和what的选用的选用that和和what都可引导所有的名词都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，从句。但是，what除起连接作用除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而而that在名词性从句中不充当任在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。何成分，只起连接作用。27that/what1._hewantsisabook.2._hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis_wewonthegame.4.Thisis_wewanttoknow.WhatThatthatwhat285.Is_hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.whatwhatthatwhat29其它连接代词和副词的连用其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择正确的选择who,whom,whose,which、when、where、why、how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分中充当各种成分。30我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idontknow_broketheglassyesterday.Whenwho31我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_Ileftmyglasses.whatwhere32注意注意n如果如果suggest,order,advise,insist, require, request等动词时等动词时,后面后面that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句;suggestion, order, advice , request, requirement等名词时等名词时,后面后面that引导的表语从句，同引导的表语从句，同位语从句用位语从句用“(should)+动词原形动词原形”。nHis suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.n He gave me a suggestion that I ( should )have a rest now.33practice343.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when4.Canyoutellme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman355.Hedidntknowwhichroom_.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein6.Togetthejobstarted,_Ineedisfromhere.A.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat367.Insomecountries_iscalled“equality”doesntreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.one8.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere379._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether10.Thereason_Iplantogois_shewillbedisappointed_Idont.A.why;because;whenB.why;that;ifC.because;that;ifD.why;that;whether3811.-_canIdowithasituation?-Take_measureyouconsiderbest.A.How;whicheverB.What;whateverB.C.How;whateverD.What;whicheverC.12._shesaidsuggestedthatshehadntdecided_togoornot.D.A.What;ifB.That;whetherE.C.What;whetherD.Whether;what3913.Hemadeapromise_anyonesethimfreehewouldmakehimveryrich.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.thatif14._wouldliketodevotehiswholelifetohiscountryshouldgo_thereareallkindsofdifficulties.A.Who;somewhereB.Whoever;whereC.Whatever;anywhereD.Who;there4015.-CanIsitinthefrontrow?-Yes.Youcantake_seatyoulike.A.whateverB.whatC.whicheverD.which16.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand_mademattersworsewas_nightbegantofall.A.what;thatB.it;thatC.what;whenD.which;what4117._goneisgone._nousetalkingaboutitanymore.A.Thats;ItsB.Whats;ItsC.Its;ThatsD.Thats;thats18.Ididntquitefollowyou.Whatwas_youjustsaidabouttheplace?A.whereB.whichC.thatD.how4219.Itwas_myfatherworked_Iworknow.A.where;thatB.wherever;whereC.that;whereD.that;that20.Itwasonly_Irereadhispoemsrecently_Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.A.that;whenB.when;thatC.until;thanD.when;than431.We all know that Taiwan is part of China.2. What we all know is that Taiwan is part of China.3. Its well known that Taiwan is Part of China. 4. As we all know, Taiwan is part of China. 众所周知台湾是中国的一部分。众所周知台湾是中国的一部分。445. We all know the fact that Taiwan is part of China.6. The fact that we all know is that Taiwan is part of China.7. It is the fact that Taiwan is part of China that we all know.4546 刚才的发言，如刚才的发言，如有不当之处请多指有不当之处请多指正。谢谢大家！正。谢谢大家！47