单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,你,好,Hello,第,一,课,Lesson One,汉语教程第三版第一册上,你好！,你好！,目,录,Contents,1.,课文,Text,2.,生词,New Words,3.,语音,Phonetics,4.,注释,Notes,5.,练习,Exercises,1.,课文,Text,A,：你好！,B,：你好！,n,ho,n,ho,1.,生词,New Words,me,you,你,n,好,ho,good;fine,Hello!,How are you?,1.,生词,New Words,y,1,one,1.,生词,New Words,w,5,five,1.,生词,New Words,b,8,eight,1.,生词,New Words,d,adj.big,1.,生词,New Words,b,adv.not,1.,生词,New Words,ku,n.quantifiers mouth;a measure word for family members,1.,生词,New Words,bi,adj.white,1.,生词,New Words,n,adj.female,1.,生词,New Words,m,n.horse,3.,语音,Phonetics,1,声母,Initials,b p m f,d t n l,g k h,3.,语音,Phonetics,2,韵母,Finals,a o e i u u,ai ei ao ou,3.,语音,Phonetics,3,拼音,Initial-final combinations,a,o,e,i,u,ai,ei,ao,ou,b,ba,bo,bi,bu,bai,bei,bao,p,pa,po,pi,pu,pai,pei,pao,pou,m,ma,mo,me,mi,mu,mai,mei,mao,mou,f,fa,fo,fu,fei,fou,d,da,de,di,du,dai,dei,dao,dou,t,ta,te,ti,tu,tai,tei,tao,tou,n,na,ne,ni,nu,n,nai,nei,nao,nou,l,la,le,li,lu,l,lai,lei,lao,lou,g,ga,ge,gu,gai,gei,gao,gou,k,ka,ke,ku,kai,kei,kao,kou,h,ha,he,hu,hai,hei,hao,hou,yi,wu,yu,Finals,Initials,3.,语音,Phonetics,4,声调,Tones,5,4,3,2,1,5,4,3,2,1,第一声 the 1st tone 55:,第二声 the 2nd tone 35:,第三声 the 3rd tone 214:,第四声 the 4th tone 51:,4.,注释,Notes,1,汉语音节的组成,Formation of Chinese syllables,汉语的音节大多数由声母、韵母和声调组成。例如：,都是音节。,音节开头的辅音叫,声母,，例如：,音节中后面的部分部分是,韵母,，例如：,声调指音节中具有区别意义作用的音高变化，例如：,现代汉语普通话由,400,多个声韵组合，,1200,多个音节。,b,、,m,、,h,b m ho,a,、ao,4.,注释,Notes,1,汉语音节的组成,Formation of Chinese syllables,Most Chinese,syllables are formed by an initial,a final and a tone,for example:,The consonant at the head of a syllable is called the initial,for example:,The rest of syllable is the final,for example:,The different pitches that affect the meanings of words are called tones,for example:,The contemporary Mandarin Chinese has over 400 initial-final combinations and more than 1200 syllables.,b m ho,b,、,m,、,h,a,、ao,2,发声要领,Essentials of articulation,1,声母,Initials,：,b p m f d t n l g k h,2,单韵母,Single finals,：,a o e i u,3,复韵母,Compound finals,：,ai ei ao ou,3,书写规则,Rules for writing syllables,i,、,u,、,都可自成音节，自成音节时分别写成,yi,、,wu,、,yu,i,u and,may form syllables by themselves.In writing they are respectively yi,、,wu,、,yu,4,声调,Tones,汉语普通话中有四个基本声调，声调符号分别是：,第一声：,第二声：,第三声：,第四声：,4,声调,Tones,Mandarin Chinese has four basic tones.The marks of them are,：,the 1st tone,：,the 2nd tone,：,the 3rd tone,：,the 4th tone,：,声调不同，表达的意义不同。例如：,Different tones may express different meanings,e.g.,b,b,b,b,八,拔,靶,爸,eight,to pull,target,dad,声调符号要标在主要的元音上。元音,i,上有调号时，要去掉,i,的点。如：,n,b,一个音节的韵母有两个或两个以上的元音时，声调符号要标在开口度最大的元音上。如：,元音开口度大小依次为：,a o e i u,ho,mi,lu,Tone marks should be placed on the main vowels.When the vowel i carries a tone mark,the dot on i is removed,e.g.,n,and,b,.,If there are two or more vowels in the final of a syllable,the tone mark is placed on the one which requires a bigger(or the biggest)opening of the mouth,e.g.,ho,mi,lu,In terms of the width of mouth opening,a,o,e,i,u and,are in the descending order.,5,三声变调,The 3rd tone sanhi,两个第三声音节连读时，前一个要读成第二声。例如：,When a 3rd tone is immediately followed by another 3rd tone,the former is pronounced as the 2nd tone,e.g.,n,ho,n,ho,6,音节和汉字,Syllables and Chinese characters,汉字是汉语书写符号，每个音节可以写成一个或若干个汉字。,例如：,Chinese characters are the written symbols of the Chinese language.Every syllable can be written into one or several characters,e.g.,y,一,衣,伊,y,倚,椅,旖,