,2024/9/21,#,UNIT,1,SCIENCE,AND SCIENTISTS,Reading,and Thinking,Understand the questioning mind,By the end of this period,you will be able to,1.,find,out the stages of scientific research in this,passage;,2.l,earn,about John Snows research process and analyze,John,Snows characters,；,3.e,xpress,your idea on the given topic through creative thinking;,4.,analyze,the structure of Problem-Solution,pattern.,Aims,Name some famous scientists you know and tell something about them,.,Lead in,Which scientist discovered that objects in water are,lifted,up by a force that helps them float?,Archimedes(,阿基米德,),Who is he?,Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?,Charles Darwin.,Who is he?,Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?,Thomas Edison,Who is he?,Who put forward a theory about black holes?,Stephen Hawking,Who is he?,Who is he?,Who is he?,Who is he?,Who is he?,John Snow,John Snow,（,1813-1858,）,was an,E,nglish physician who was born in York,trained in Newcastle,and then set up a practice in London.,He first came to the attention of Queen Victoria because he was an early proponent(,拥护者,)of the use of anaesthesia(,/ns,izi,/,麻醉,)and make ground-breaking contributions to that field.,Do you know,him?,Discuss the following stages of scientific research in groups.What order would you put them in?,analyse the results,ask a question,draw a,conclusion _collect,data,find a problem,find,supporting evidence,think of a method,Discussion,Can you put them in right order?,5,2,7,4,1,6,3,Order,Stage,Key words or sentences,1,Find a problem,2,Ask a question,3,Think of a method,4,Collect data,While Reading,two contradictory theories,In two particular streets,，,the cholera outbreak,was,so severe that John Snow was determined to find out why.,marking on a map,house numbers 16,，,37,，,38,，,and 40,20 and 21 Broad Street,，,8 and 9 Cambridge Street,Order,Stage,Key words or sentences,5,Analyse the results,6,Find supporting evidence,7,Draw a conclusion,While Reading,multiple deaths near the water pump,some households had had no deaths,a woman and her daughter had died of cholera,the woman liked the water from the pump so,much,that she had,it delivered,to her house every,day,As a result of this evidence,，,John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.,Read the whole text quickly and match the main ideas.,Para1,Para 2,Para 4,Para 5,John Snow desired to,destroy cholera.,John Snow decided to prove,the second,theory.,Snow began his study by,marking on the,map,.,Truth,of the infection of cholera,Snows,contributions,Para 3,While Reading-Fast,reading,Cholera,John,Snow,Its one of _ in the world,because it causes _.,_(,when),an outbreak of cholera hit _ milions of people,_.,He rose to become,_,and even,_,Queen Victoria,when she gave birth,.,John Snow,became _ because no one knew,_.,However,he had a desire to,_,once and for all.,the most feared diseases,severe diarrhoea and dehydration,In the early 19th century,Europe,died from the disease,frustrated,how to prevent or,treat,cholera,a famous doctor,attended to,destroy cholera,While,Readingcareful reading,Read,Para 1 carefully and fill in the mind map,Though being famous,he was still,_to,defeating“King Cholera”,devoted,Theory one:air,Theory two:germs,More proof is,needed,.,Symptoms,Theory is based on practice.,Symptoms,（症状）,cough,sneeze,runny nose,lung,diarrhea,dehydration,While,Readingcareful,reading,Two,Theories,A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”,What method did Snow use?,1),Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street?,2),Which houses had no death in Broad Street?,Multiple deaths happened here.,No death happened here.,He suspected that the water from the pump,was to blame.,Evidence,Read,Para 2-3,and,complete the chart below.,While,Readingcareful reading,A,It,was believed that,cholera was,caused by bad,_ or,germs in,_.,B,Snow _,the places where the people who _,had lived.,C,Many deaths occurred near the _in Broad Street.,Some people,_,drunk,the water from the pump,，,and,lived.,A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after,_,.,D,The,pump,water carried,_,.,The,_,of,the pump was removed.,air,food or water,marked on a map,died,water pump,hadnt,drinking water from the pump,cholera germs,handle,What,caused the outbreak of cholera in London in 1854,?,2.What,contributions did John Snow make?,While,Readingcareful reading,Read Para 4-5 and answer the questions below,Water companies began to sell clean water.,The,threat of cholera around the world decreased.,He helped people know how to prevnt cholera.,Snow,transformed the way scientists study diseases.,The Father of Modern Epidemiology,1 What was the most important tool Snow used to defeat cholera?What common medical tools,，,e.g.,，,a,microscope,，,didnt he use?Why?,He used maps and statistics to analyse where the deaths occurred.He didnt use a microscope,，,for example.He didnt test the water,，,nor did he draw blood or examine patients.,The r