完形填空复习策略之一“境”到底 By Grace一 题型特点 完形填空是一种立意新、要求高的综合性语言测试题,它要求考生不仅能理解语篇文意,而且能结合上下文进行逻辑推理。完形填空主要考查考生根据上下文正确使用词语的综合能力、阅读理解能力和逻辑推理能力。多年来,完形填空一直是考生失分较多的高难度试题。值得注意的是,新高考地区(不包括浙江、北京、天津)的完形填空为15道小题,共计15分,这与全国卷20道小题30分不同,因此考生在做该题时应注意时间的合理分配。2021年新高考完形文章211个词，15个空。二 考查维度1.强调语篇阅读,考查考生整体理解文意、连贯思维、把握语境和进行逻辑推理的能力;2.多角度考查词汇知识,如基础词汇的活用、一词多义、熟词生义等;3.侧重考查根据语境重建文章的能力,淡化对语法知识的考查。总之， 完形填空考查的是对学生的综合语言运用能力，但是每一个空格的设置并不是随心所欲的，命题人主要通过上下文暗示出的某种信息来保证答案的正确性和唯一性。考生应该通过上下文的暗示获取解题信息，留意暗送的“秋波”，也就是：关键词。所以，我在日常研究与实践中特别对完形的语境考查下了很大的功夫，并进行了一定的概括，我取名叫“一境到底”，分别从微语境、小语境及大语境跟大家分享一下。Part1 微语境“微语境”类题目是指通过阅读空格所处的那一句话即可找出答案的题目。【示例1】 About 4,000 meters is the highland 57 ：gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. （2019年全国卷I）57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake【示例1-1】 The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March 41 six months out of the year. (2019年全国卷III) 41. A. Only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely【示例1-2】 The tractor was 48 resting against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously crossed the 49 road with fast-flowing traffic.（2020年浙江卷）A. steep B. long C. rough D. busy技巧点拨： 读标点符号：解释说明；就近解释说明【示例2】The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someones 47 passing interest. (2014 年全国卷I)46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled【示例2-1】Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 19 them. I helped them see themselves 20 differently , and they built themselves into winners.19. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed【示例2-2】Occasionally, humans would bring their ill or 35 children to swim with her. And, over time, she would heal (治愈) them. （2016广一模 ） 35. A. skillful B. clever C. disabled D. shy技巧点拨： and 和 or 前后的近义词；要及时找寻信号词。【示例3】 Berlin has been the _48_while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.（2019浙江 ）47. A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest 【示例3-1】 I realized that though airports were places of delightful _43_ , they could also be about difficult departure.42. A. travel B. arrival C. work D. relaxation 技巧点拨： and 和 or 前后的近义词；逻辑关系转折词while、though等， 要及时找寻信号词。【示例4】 In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not 40 like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk and hurry down the street. 40. A.act B.sound C.feel D.dress【示例4-1】 He taught her how to rely on other _, specifically her hearing. A. feelings B. organs C. skillsD. senses技巧点拨: 上下义关联 .【示例5】The happiest people dont necessarily have the best of everything; they just _ the best of everything.(2010 全国)A. learn B. make C. favor D. try【示例5-1】A persons feelings _, in a sense, according to Dr. Green, on the climate. A. insist B. depend C. show D. call技巧点拨： 辨识固定搭配,有可能会在原来的搭配结构中插入较长的文字结构，造成搭配关系的松散现象【示例6】“I dont think we would have randomly invited him over but we _11_ it and gifts.”（2018 课标全国 III）11. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect【示例6-1】 Eating out in restaurants, for example, is a bit _50_ when she shouts at the waiter for something or talks about people at the next table in a loud voice.50. A.disappointing B. embarrassing C.amazing D.rude 技巧点拨： 厘清主谓宾表，认准主语不迷路， 一动加双宾，都要搭配到。Part2 小语境“小语境”类题目通过阅读空格所处的那一句话不能找出正确答案，需要结合题目所在句子以外的句子(句组)才可找出答案的题目。【示例1】 As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. (2020全国III)41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists【示例1-1】 However, I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. I find a clean mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. (2019全国1)46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones【示例1-2】On January 31, A musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound.He would die and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across. (2016 北京)12. A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross【示例2】 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, wrong number!” and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasnt intended for him, he did something 43special .(2018 全国III)42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed【示例2-1】 they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay_ until the emergency personnel arrived Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move（2016全国卷）51. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm技巧点拨： 原词复现或同源词复现 ，如上题 across 与cross；变形近义词复