翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟43 Vocabulary and GrammarThis section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each pa（江南博哥）rt before answering the questions.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionBelow each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. During the impeachment process a president is severely weakened politically and is unable to _ necessary leadership over national affairs.A.exertB.exaltC.executeD.exhale 正确答案：A解析 句子译文：在弹劾过程中，总统在政治上受到严重削弱，无法对国家事务发挥必要的领导作用。试题参考解析：Aexertv. 运用，发挥Bexaltv. 提升，提拔；赞扬；使得意Cexecutev. 实行，执行；处死Dexhalev. 呼气；发出；使蒸发可以与leadership搭配的动词只有exert，符合句意，故A为正确答案。2. The ode is a lyric poem of some length that honors an individual, a thing, or a trait dealing with a _ theme in a dignified manner.A.humbleB.loftyC.modestD.servile 正确答案：B解析 句子译文：颂歌是一种有一定长度的抒情诗，歌颂一个人、一个事物或一个特性，以庄严的方式处理一个崇高的主题。试题参考解析：Ahumble adj. 谦逊的Bloftyadj. 崇高的C.modestadj. 谦逊的Dservileadj. 奴性的从句中的in a dignified manner可以判断选项应该是和dignified意思相近的形容，B选项lofty符合句意，故B为正确选项。3. At the beginning of the Edwardian era, most English middle class still _ in the splendid achievements of the British Empire.A.waveredB.wailedC.wallowedD.wandered 正确答案：C解析 句子译文：在爱德华七世时代初期，大多数英国中产阶级仍沉溺在大英帝国的辉煌成就中。试题参考解析：Awaveredv. 摇曳；踌躇；动摇Bwailedv. 哀号；恸哭Cwallowedv. 沉迷，沉溺Dwanderedv. 徘徊；漫步根据splendid achievements可以推断或者通过排除法确定wallowed符合句意，故C为正确选项。4. Periods of drought would bring about environmental hardship, _ population migration, giving rise to changes in the modes of agricultural production.A.trendingB.triggeringC.tripingD.trifling 正确答案：B解析 句子译文：干旱期会造成环境困难，引发人口移徙，导致农业生产方式的转变。试题参考解析：Atrendingv. 趋向，倾向Btriggeringv. 触发，引起Ctrippingv. 绊倒，跌倒Dtriflingv. 虚度，浪费；轻视与句中population migration搭配的动词只有trigger，意为“引发/引起人口的迁徙”，其他三个选项均不符合句意，故B为正确选项。5. The counsel for my defence was the famous criminal lawyer Clarence Darrow, and the leading counsel for the _ was William Jennings Bryan, the silver-tongued orator.A.prosecutionB.proprietorshipC.processionD.profession 正确答案：A解析 句子译文：我的辩护律师是著名的刑事律师克拉伦斯达罗，控方的主要辩护律师是雄辩的演说家威廉詹宁斯布莱恩。试题参考解析：Apros ecutionn. 起诉；控方Bproprietorshipn. 所有权Cprocessionn. 队伍，行列；游行Dprofessionn. 职业，专业根据上下文，和句中the counsel for my defence(我的辩护律师)相对应，应该是the counsel for the prosecution(控方辩护律师)，故A为正确选项。知识拓展：律师的不同表达法1)the Bar：律师职业，“律师协会”为the Bar Association，“律师考试”为the Bar exam。2)lawyer：该词的含义宽泛，包含了受过专门法律培训、从事法律职业的人，如律师、法律工作者、法学教师和法学家等职业群体。3)attorney：该词是指接受当事人委托，并有资格在法庭上代理当事人出庭参与诉讼的律师，与委托人client相对应，也可称为attorney-at-law。该词广泛应用于美国，如：At the hearing, his attorney did not enter a plea. 在听证会上，他的律师没有提出申诉。4)solicitor：初级律师、事务律师，主要处理非诉讼业务和一些在初级法院出庭的诉讼业务，如起草法律文件、出具法律意见、提供法律咨询等。5)barrister：出庭律师、大律师，在高级法院出庭辩护或者代理。solicitor和barrister主要用于英联邦国家。6)counsel：指接受指派为政府、公司、个人提供法律意见、法律咨询的法律顾问。legal counsel法律顾问in-house legal counsel企业内部法务the counsel for the defence辩护律师the counsel for the prosecution控方辩护律师Part 2 Vocabulary ReplacementIn each of them one word is underlined, and below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. Champollion became curator of the Egyptian collection at the Louvre in 1826, and he conducted an important archaeological expedition to Egypt in 1828.A.expulsionB.explorationC.explanationD.exposition 正确答案：B解析 句子译文：商博良在1826年成为卢浮宫埃及藏品馆的馆长，他在1828年对埃及进行了一次重要的考古探险。试题参考解析：Aexpulsionn. 驱逐；开除Bexplorationn. 探险，探索Cexplanationn. 说明，解释Dexpositionn. 博览会，展览会；解释，说明句中画线词expedition意为“探险，考察”，与之意思相近的词是exploration，其他选项均不符合句意，故B为正确选项。知识拓展：让-弗朗索瓦商博良(Jean Franois Champollion)是法国著名历史学家、语言学家、埃及学家；是第一位破解古埃及象形文字结构并破译罗塞塔石碑的学者；是埃及学的创始人，被称为“埃及学之父”。2. With the advent of the World Health Organization and other agencies, the need to understand the culture of the developing nations has become one of the goals of some government agencies.A.adherenceB.concurrenceC.reverenceD.occurrence 正确答案：D解析 句子译文：随着世界卫生组织和其他机构的出现，了解发展中国家的文化已经成为一些政府机构的目标之一。试题参考解析：Aadherencen. 坚持；依附Bconcurrencen. 同时发生；赞同Creverencen. 崇敬；尊敬Doccurrencen. 发生；出现画线词advent意为“到来，出现”，与advent意思相近的词是选项D的occurrence，其他选项均不符合句意，故D为正确选项。3. Global markets had a turbulent week amid heightened concern about the economic impact of the coronavirus outbreak.A.temperateB.tempestuousC.temporaryD.temporal 正确答案：B解析 句子译文：全球市场经历了动荡的一周，人们更加担心冠状病毒疫情爆发对经济