翻译三级笔译实务模拟69Section 1 English-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following passage into Chinese.1. Para（江南博哥）. 1 The rocky shorelines, shifting deserts and winding canyons of the countrys 59 national parks have been hallmarks of American vacations for generations. Para. 2 But the number of park visitors has reached an unprecedented level, leaving many tourists frustrated and many environmentalists concerned about the toll of overcrowding. Para. 3 Zion is among the most visited parks in the system and is particularly prone to crowding because many of its most popular sites sit in a narrow six-mile canyon. So tiffs year, park managers announced they were considering a first for any national park: requiring reservations for entry. Para. 4 We dont have a choice, said Jack Burns, who has worked in Zion since 1982. We have to do something. If this going to remain a place of special importance for generations, we have to do something now. Para. 5 The National Park Service was created in 1916 to protect the countrys growing system of parks and monuments. Its mandate is to conserve scenery and wildlife while also protecting visitor enjoyment for generations to come. For years, the lack of a reservation system for park entry aligned with the services ethos of democracy and discovery: Anyone could come, pretty much anytime. Para. 6 But lately, both visitors and nature are suffering. Mr. Burns, who is on a team that is considering a reservation system, said some people showed up for a vacation they had planned for months, spent a day in the gridlock and turned around. Rangers, stressed by the frustrated masses, have started a monthly meeting to discuss visitor use that some say has turned into a group-therapy session. Para. 7 And Zions delicate desert ecosystem has been battered by tourists, some of whom wash diapers in the Virgin River, scratch their names into boulders and fly drone cameras through once quiet skies. The park has about 25 miles of developed trails. But over time, rangers have mapped about 600 miles of visitor-made paths, which damage vegetation and soil and take a toll on wildlife. Para. 8 The story is similar at parks from Yosemite in California to Acadia in Maine. And the crowding problem comes as the system faces the dual threat of a funding shortage and climate change. Para. 9 This summer, administrators at Zion submitted three proposed visitor plans to the public. Para. 10 One option would require people to make an online reservation before arrival, and would set a yet-to-be-specified limit on visitors. The second option would require reservations only for certain areas. The third option would be to make no changes. Para. 11 About 1,600 people sent in comments, and the park plans to send out a revised round of proposals for public review. Superintendent Jeff Bradybaugh will make the final decision. Para. 12 Some have expressed opposition to the reservation idea, including a group that founded the website stopzionreservations.org. Para. 13 Mr. Burns said he favored a reservation policy. He recalled the days when he would jump in a ear and pull up to parks across the West with no plans. Para. 14 There is only one Zion National Park, he said to those struggling to see a need for limiting access. And its sacred. Its beauty is sacred. 正确答案：第一段 59个国家公园岩石林立的海岸线、不断移动的沙丘和曲折蜿蜒的峡谷，一直是几代美国人心中的特色旅游景点。 第二段 但公园游客的数量已经达到了前所未有的水平，这使得许多游客感到沮丧，也让许多环保主义者担忧过度拥挤所要付出的代价。 第三段 锡安国家公园(Zion)是接待游客人数最多的国家公园之一。由于许多最受欢迎的景点都坐落在一条六英里长的狭窄峡谷中，锡安很容易出现拥堵的情况。因此，今年公园管理员宣布，他们正在考虑实施入园预约措施，这是国家公园从未采取过的。 第四段 自1982年以来一直在锡安工作的杰克伯恩斯(Jack Burns)说，“我们别无选择。我们必须做点什么。如果想保住这里对世代美国人的特殊意义，我们现在就必须有所行动。” 第五段 于1916年成立的美国国家公园管理局(National Park Service)旨在保护国家不断发展的公园和纪念区系统。它的使命是保护风光景色和野生动物，保证一代又一代的人有良好的旅游体验。多年来，公园没有设置预约系统，这与其民主和探索的精神相符，即任何人都可以来参观，几乎任何时候都可以来。 第六段 但最近，游客和大自然都在遭受折磨。伯恩斯先生所在的团队正在考虑推出预订系统。他说，有些前来度假的游客已经为旅行计划多月，来的那天却在交通堵塞中度过，然后败兴而归。面对失望沮丧的人潮，管理员们举行月度例会，讨论“游客使用”的问题，有人说这场会议已然是一场集体的心理治疗。 第七段 此外，锡安脆弱的荒漠生态系统也遭到了游客的破坏。一些游客在维尔京河(Virgin River)洗尿布，把名字刻在巨石上，无人摄像机飞来飞去，打破天空昔日的宁静。公园里已开发的步道总约25英里长。但随着时间的推移，管理员在地图上标记出了几条游客自行开辟的道路，总长大约600英里。它们破坏了植被和土壤，对野生动物造成了伤害。 第八段 从加州(California)的约塞米蒂国家公园(Yosemite)到缅因州(Maine)的阿卡迪亚公园(Acadia)，类似的情况不断上演。除了客流量过大的问题，美国国家公园还面临着资金短缺和气候变化的双重威胁。 第九段 今年夏天，锡安的管理人员向公众提交了三份游客管理方案。 第十段 一是要求游客在来园前要在线预约，并设置访客数量限制，具体数值还有待确定。二是只有特定景区需要预约。三是不做出任何改变。 第十一段 大约有1600人提交了意见，公园计划提交一轮修改后的方案供公众审查。锡安国家公园负责人杰夫布雷迪博(Jeff Bradybaugh)将做出最后决定。 第十二段 一些人反对在线预约的举措，其中一个组织还创建了“阻止锡安预约”的网站(stopzionreservations.org)。 第十三段 伯恩斯先生说他支持预约政策。他回想起从前，那时他可以随性地跳上汽车，来一场说走就走的美国西部国家公园之旅。 第十四段 他对那些认为没必要限制客流量的人说，“锡安国家公园只有一个。它是神圣的。它的美是神圣的。”解析 1第二段toll为多义词，可指“通行费”“钟声”“代价”。文中是指过度拥挤可能对环境造成破坏，故the toll of overcrowding可译作“过度拥挤所要付出的代价”。 2第三段句in the system，若仅停留在字面表层意思直译为“在系统中”，会显得生硬，若将system“美国59个国家公园”的含义表达出来，译文会更加流畅。 3第三段句prone to为固定搭配，意为likely to suffer from something or to do s