专题八,谓语动词时态及语态,考点一,谓语动词时态,1.谓语动词时态时间轴,2.时态语态变化表,时态,主动,被动,标志词,一般将来时,will,be/be,going,to,be,will,do/be,going,to,do,will,be,done/be,going,to,be,done,1.tomorrow类：,the,day,after,tomorrow；,tomorrow,afternoon,2.next类：next,week;,next,year;,next,term,3.in+将来：in,the,future;,in,2035,4.this类：this,evening,时态,主动,被动,标志词,一般现在时,am;,is；,are,do/does,am/is/are,done,1.always;,often;,usually;,sometimes,等表示频率的副词,2.on,Sundays（每逢周日）；every,week.,3.once,a,year;,twice,a,month;,three,times,a,week,等表示频率的短语,续表,时态,主动,被动,标志词,一般过去时,was/were,did,was/were,done,1.yesterday,类:yesterday;,the,day,before,yesterday;,yesterday,afternoon,2.last类:last,week;,last,year;,last,term等,现在进行时,am/is/are,doing,am/is/are,being,done,1.Look!/,Listen!等,2.now;,at,the,moment,3.these,days,4.有时候是对Where,is.的回答,续表,时态,主动,被动,标志词,过去进行时,was/were,doing,was/were,being,done,1.at,that,time;,then;,at,ten,oclock,yesterday；at,this,time,yesterday;,at,that,moment,2.when/,while引导的时间状语从句中,续表,时态,主动,被动,标志词,现在完成时,have/has,been,have/has,done,have/has,been,done,1.already（已经）；yet（尚未）,2.just（刚刚）;before,（以前）,3.ever（曾经）；never,（从未）,4.recently（最近）；so,far,（至今）,5.for/over,+时间段,6.since+过去时间点/,时间段+ago/,一般过去时从句,续表,【注意】,（1）现在完成时中与时间段连用的，在肯定句中谓语动词要使用延续性动词。,I,have,been,away,from,my,hometown,for,10,years.,我离开我的家乡已经十年了。,（2）常见短暂性动词与延续性动词的对应变化：,短暂性,延续性,短暂性,延续性,buy,have,borrow,keep,open,be,open,close,be,closed,begin/start,be,on,come/go,be,here/there,finish/end,be,over,die,be,dead,catch,a,cold,have,a,cold,marry,be,married,join,be,in/be,a,member,of,leave,be,away,from,fall,asleep,be,asleep,arrive/reach/get,to,be,at/in,(,),1.,I,_,ice,skating,this,Sunday.,Do,you,want,to,come?,D,A.,go,B.,went,C.,was,going,D.,will,go,(,),2.,This,book,must,be,great.,My,sister,_,it,five,times.,B,A.,reads,B.,has,read,C.,is,reading,D.,was,reading,(,),3.,Some,students,_,Taiji,over,there.,Lets,go,and,join,them.,C,A.,play,B.,played,C.,are,playing,D.,were,playing,(,),4.,Jessica,_,every,night,before,her,Chinese,test,and,got,good,results.,B,A.,studies,B.,studied,C.,has,studied,D.,will,study,(,),5.,If,you,heat,ice,it,_,into,water.,A,A.,turns,B.,turned,C.,was,turning,D.,has,turned,考点二,被动语态,1.被动语态的句子结构,种类,结构,示例,一般现在时的被动语态,am/is/are,done,The,book,is,sold,well,in,this,store.,这本书在这家商店卖得很好。,一般过去时的被动语态,was/were,done,The,window,was,broken,by,the,child.,窗户被那个孩子打破了。,一般将来时的被动语态,will,be,done,am/is/are,going,to,be,done,The,report,will,be,presented,to,the,manager,tomorrow.,这份报告明天将呈交给经理。,种类,结构,示例,现在完成时的被动语态,have/has,been,done,The,project,has,been,completed,by,our,team.,这个项目已经被我们团队完成了。,含有情态动词的被动语态,情态动词+be+done,This,problem,should,be,solved,immediately.,这个问题应该立即解决。,不定式的被动语态,to,be,done,There,are,a,lot,of,books,to,be,read,before,the,exam.,考试前有很多书要读。,续表,2.使用被动语态的几种情况,（1）不知道或者没有必要提及动作的执行者：,The,window,was,broken,last,night.,窗户昨晚被打破了。（不知道是谁打破的）,（2）需要强调和突出动作的承受者：,The,painting,was,painted,by,a,famous,artist,in,the,19th,century.,这幅画是由19世纪的一位著名艺术家所画。,（3）句子的主语是动作的承受者：,Much,soil,was,washed,away,by,the,heavy,rain.大量泥土被大雨冲走。,（4）说话或者发表意见时，为了显得公正客观，也常用以下结构：,It,is,said,that.,据说,/It,is,believed,that.,人们相信,/,It,is,reported,that.,据报道,【注意】,（1）happen，,take,place无被动。,（2）系动词无被动。,（3）sell，,write等用来描述物品的品质状态的时候无被动。,（4）主动句句子结构为see/hear/watch/notice/make.do,sth.,被动句为：be,seen/,be,heard,/,be,watched/,be,noticed/,be,made.,to,do,sth.,He,made,the,boy,play,the,piano,every,day.,被动句为：The,boy,was,made,to,play,the,piano,every,day.,(,),1.,The,panda,Ya,Ya,_,back,to,China,on,April,27th,2023.,B,A.,is,brought,B.,was,brought,C.,will,be,brought,D.,will,bring,(,),2,.,Can,he,get,first,prize,in,the,race?,He,_,so,but,he,has,just,hurt,his,leg.,Its,impossible,now.,D,A.,will,expect,to,do,B.,is,expected,doing,C.,has,expected,doing,D.,was,expected,to,do,(,),3.,Sand,turns,to,glass,when,it,_,by,lightning.,B,A.,hits,B.,is,hit,C.,is,hitting,D.,will,be,hit,(,),4.,Some,photos,of,the,moon,_,in,the,Space,Club,next,week.,D,A.,shows,B.,is,showing,C.,were,shown,D.,will,be,shown,一、单项选择,(,),1.,(2024连云港中考),Robot,dogs,_,as,volunteers,for,the,first,time,during,the,2023,Asian,Games.,D,A.,use,B.,used,C.,are,used,D.,were,used,(,),2.,(2024扬州中考),As,we,all,know,the,Yangtze,River,_,as,a,“mother,river”,of,the,Chinese,nation.,C,A.,knows,B.,knew,C.,is,known,D.,was,known,(,),3.,(2024扬州中考),Since,I,was,born,my,family,_,in,the,same,flat.,D,A.,live,B.,will,live,C.,are,living,D.,have,lived,(,),4.,Bob,your,room,is,so,dirty.,It,must,_,every,day.,OK.,Mom.,Ill,do,it,right,now.,B,A.,clean,B.,be,cleaned,C.,is,cleaned,D.,cleaned,(,),5.,There,has,been,less,and,less,pollution,in,Leshan,these,years.,The,government,has,made,a,great,effort,on,it.,Im,sure,this,problem,_,one,day,in,the,future.,C,A.,was,solved,B.,solves,C.,will,be,solved,D.,solved,(,),6.,Do,you,know,the,Spring,Festival,became,a,UN,Floating,Holiday,in,2024?,Yes.,The,Spring,Festival,_,widely,in,the,world,nowadays.,A,A.,is,celebrated,B.,was,celebrated,C.,will,be,celebrated,D.,celebrate,(,),7.,The,photos,are,beautiful.,I,wonder,where,they,_.,C,A.,will,be,taken,B.,are,taking,C.,were,taken,D.,was,taking,(,),8.,Hou,Yi,_,magic,medicine,for,shooting,down,the,nine,suns,then,Pang,Meng,tried,to,steal,it.,D