专题14主从复合句,01,语法思维导图,02,专题考点梳理,01,语法思维导图,02,专题考点梳理,考点1 宾语从句,考向溯源,1在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。,(1)2024安徽改编Could you tell us _ we can start a conversation with a foreigner?,Talking about weather is a good choice.,(2)2024自贡改编My teacher told us that May 18th _(be)the International Museum Day.,how,is,(3)2023凉山改编Excuse me,do you know _ there will be another bus?The bus has just left.,Yes.The next bus will arrive in half an hour.,(4)2022荆州改编I am worried _ I can enter a good high school or not.,Work hard and trust in yourself.,if/whether,whether,22024遂宁改编Daddy,the MidAutumn Festival is coming.Could you please tell me _ _ _(买什么)for grandparents?,You can buy some mooncakes,fruits and flowers for them.(根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词),3For friends,I dont think its necessary to be the same.(英译中),_,what,to,buy,对于朋友来说，我认为没有必要保持一致。,考点归纳,定义,在复合句中，由一个句子充当,_,，这个句子叫作宾语从句,引导词,当宾语从句是陈述句时，引导词用,_,。,that,本身无意义，只起连接作用，口语中可省略,当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，引导词用,_,或,_,。意为,“,是否,”,，在从句中不做成分，不可省略，句尾有,or not,时只能用,whether,当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词用,_,。此时引导词都有本身的词义，并且在句中作一定的成分，因此不能省略,语序,必须使用,_,语序，即,“,引导词主语谓语其他部分,”,宾语,that,if,whether,特殊疑问词,陈述,时态,主句是现在的某种时态，从句根据句意选择适当的时态，即主现从不限。如：,我知道他昨天干了什么。,I know what he did yesterday.,主句是过去的某种时态，从句也要使用,_,，即主过从过。如：,他问他们是否已经完成了工作。,He asked if they had finished the work.,从句表示客观事实，真理，自然现象时，不管主句时态，一律用,_,。如：,老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。,The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.,标点,包含宾语从句的复合句句末标点取决于,_,过去的某种时态,一般现在时,主句,【拓展】,(1)宾语从句的简化,当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn,ask,tell,show,teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如：,She doesnt know what she should do next.She doesnt know what to do next.她不知道下一步该做什么。,(2)宾语从句的否定前移,在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think,believe,expect,imagine,suppose等词且主句主语为第一人称时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到这些词之前。如：,I dont think I copied down the math problems correctly.我想我没有把数学题抄对。,(3)如果复合句中的宾语从句很长，那么可以用it作形式宾语，避免句子头重脚轻。如：,He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.他很明确地表示他更喜欢学英语。,考点2 状语从句,考向溯源,4在空白处填入1个适当的单词。,(1)2024安徽改编There is still a long way to go _ we finish the task.,Dont worry.Lets go on with it together.,(2)2024平凉改编 Many students lose marks simply _ they do not read the questions carefully.,before,because,(3)2024扬州改编 _you are too tired to do all the things on your ToDo list,try a ToDont list.,(4)2024泸州改编You will never truly understand your parents great love _ you grow up.,(5)2023福建改编_ David has failed many times,he is always full of hope for the future.,If,until,Though/Although,考点归纳,在复合句中用作状语的从句叫状语从句。根据其表达的意思可分为时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、地点、方式等类型。,类型,连词,意思,示例,注意,时间状语从句,when,当,时,It was snowing when we got to the airport.,当我们到达机场时，正在下雪。,主将从现：,含有时间、条件、让步状语从句的复合句：主句用一般将来时,(,有时是祈使句或含有,can,、,may,等情态动词的句子,),，从句用一般现在时表示将来,_,正当,时,I heard a loud sound while I was cooking.(,从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,),当我正在做饭时，听到了一声巨响。,while,时间状语从句,as,当,时；,随着,As she grew older,she gained confidence.,随着她长大，她变得自信。,主将从现：,含有时间、条件、让步状语从句的复合句：主句用一般将来时,(,有时是祈使句或含有,can,、,may,等情态动词的句子,),，从句用一般现在时表示将来,_,在,之前,Did she leave any message before she left,？在她离开之前，她有任何留言吗？,after,_,You can go to the movies after you finish your homework.,在你完成作业后，你可以去看电影。,before,在之后,时间状语从句,until/till,直到,(“not,until”,直到,才,),He didnt come back until he finished all his homework.,直到完成所有的作业，他才回来。,主将从现：,含有时间、条件、让步状语从句的复合句：主句用一般将来时,(,有时是祈使句或含有,can,、,may,等情态动词的句子,),，从句用一般现在时表示将来,since,_,_,_,He has learned English since he was 5.,他从,5,岁起就学英语。,_,_,_,一,就,I will call you as soon as I get there.,我一到达那里就给你打电话。,自从,as soon as,条件状语从句,if,如果,She will get very upset if I dont go to her birthday party.,如果我不去她的生日派对，她会很难过。,/,unless,_,You wont succeed unless you study hard.,除非你努力学习，否则你不会成功。,as long as,只要,Well go for a picnic as long as the weather is good.,只要天气好，我们就去野餐。,除非,原因状语从句,because,(,不与,so,连用,),因为,He didnt go to school today because he had a bad cold.,他今天没有去上学，因为他感冒很严重。,/,_,既然,Since you are unable to answer,perhaps we can ask someone else.(,强调双方都知道的原因,),既然你没法回答，也许我们可以问其他人。,as,由于,As you were out,I left a message.,由于你出去了，我便留了言。,since,类型,连词,意思,示例,目的,状语,从句,in order that/,so that,_,_,We need to understand ourselves better in order that/so that we can make wiser decisions.,我们需要更好地了解自己，以便我们能做出更明智的决定。,结果状语从句,so that(so,后面跟形容词或副词,),如此,以至于,She spoke so quietly that I could hardly hear her.,她说话声音太小了，以至于我几乎不能听到她声音。,such that,(such,后面跟名词或名词短语,),She is such a kind girl that almost everybody likes her.,她是一位如此善良的女孩，以至于几乎所有人都喜欢她。,以便，为了,让步,状语,从句,though/although,even though/even if(,不能与,but,连用,),_,Though/Although he is tired,he goes on with his work.,虽然他很累，但是他仍继续工作。,Even if/Even though you come,you wont see her.,即使你来，你也见不到她。,比较状语从句,as,原级,as,结构，,not as/so,原级,as,结构，,than,Our lives can be as difficult as the little streams.,我们的生活可能和小溪一样艰难。,Life is not as/so meaningless as you think.,生活并不像你认为的那样毫无意义。,I think time is much more valuable than money.,我认为时间比金钱宝贵得多。,虽然；即使,考点3 定语从句,考向溯源,5在空白处填入1个适当的单词。,(1)2024临夏改编A true friend is a person _ can help you when you are in trouble.,(2)2024乐山改编Ill never forget the experiences _ we had in the volunteer work last summer.,Me too.The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.,who/that,which/that,(3)2023牡丹江改编If we study