单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,高考英语语法填空名词考点突破,目录,名词考点详解,应对策略,真题还原,名词考点详解,名词的数,1.,大多数名词词汇在词尾加,-s,，,-s,在清辅音后读,例如：,lamp-lamps,2.,以,-s,、,-x,、,-sh,、,-ch,结尾名词词汇,读音为,s,、,z,、,门,、,t,门,、,3,、,d3,等的名词词汇后加,-es,如果词尾为,e,只加,-s,，,-es,读作,Iz,例如：,bus-buses,3.,以字母,-f,或,-fe,结尾的名词词汇,要把,f,或,fe,改为,v,再加,-es,，,-ves,读作,vz,的名词词汇,leaf-leaves,名词考点详解名词的数,4.,以,-y,结尾的名词词汇,注意,y,前为辅音字母时,变,y,为,i,再加,-es,，,-ies,读作,z;y,前为元音字母时,直接加,-s,，,-s,读作,z,factory-factories,5.,以,-o,结尾的名词词汇一般加,-es,，,-es,读作,z,但,o,前为元音字母的名词和一些以,-o,结尾的外来词、缩略词等直接加,-s,，,-s,读作,z,potato-potatoes,6.,以,-th,结尾的词一般加,-s,，,th,原来读,0,加,-s,后多数情况下读,6,也有读音不变的情况,mouth-mouths,(2022,年全国新高考,I,卷,)The GPNPsmain goal is to improve connectivity between separate,(population)and homes of giant pandas.,The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas.,GPNP,的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系。,考查的名词单复数。由于,and,前后都是保持主谓的名词数一致。所以填,populations,人口,The area has seen a rapid population growth.,这个地区人口快速增长,。,名词考点详解名词的数,可数名词不规则变化,1.,单复数同形,比如说,sheep,；,deer,2.,内部元音的改变,比如说,foot-feet,3.,词尾变换,child-children,(2021,新高考高考,I,卷真题,)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the topwill remind you how tiny we,(human)are.,The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are.,当你站在山顶时，你看到的滚滚云海会提醒你，我们人类是多么渺小。,humans,作为,we,的同位语补充修饰,同义替换：,mankind,We must allow for human error.,我们必须考虑到人为的失误。,名词语法填空题简介,在语法填空中，对于高中语法点名词的考查主要涉及单数可数名词的复数、名词的所有格（,of,的结构）以及词形变换（名词转换为形容词或者副词）,;,形容词和副词相关的词形变换以及形容词和副词的比较等级考查较为频繁。,名词语法填空应对策略,1.,首先要弄清名词的数与格，即名词的复数变化形式，是否要用名词的所有格,;,其次注意名词的词形变换（名词转换形容词或者副词）。,2.,作表语,(,系动词之后尤其注意主系表,),、定语,(,修饰名词尤其注意形容词修饰名词的结构,),或宾语补足语,(,表性质状态尤其注意主谓宾宾补,),时，通常用形容词形式。注意常考动词分词的形容词化（尤其注意非谓语动词），其形容词的形式有,:-ing,结尾的和,-ed,结尾的两种。,3.,若括号中所给的是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较等级（尤其注意名词后缀,er,结构）或最高级（尤其注意名词后缀,est,结构）,;,注意,than,或比较级的修饰词等标志性词或上下文中暗含的比较,;,其次还要注意一些特殊句式，如,:the+,比较级,，,the+,比较级,.,，,“,否定词,(cant/couldnt)+,比较级,”,表示最高级等。,the more you read,the more knowledge you will get the command of.,你读书越多，掌握的知识就越多。,1,、,(2022,年全国高考乙卷,)China has a,(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.,China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.,中国有责任与各国一道，共同推动茶产业健康发展。,考核的是形容词与名词的转换。,responsibility,责任,They frankly admitted their responsibility.,他们坦率地承认了责任。,(2022,年全国高考甲卷,)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road,in order topromote environmental,(protect).,Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road,in order topromote environmental protection.,曹和吴还收集沿路垃圾，以促进环境保护。,考查的是动词与名词的转换。,protection,Some animals roll themselves into a ball for protection.,有些动物蜷缩成一团以保护自己。,(2024,新课标,II,卷）,The latest 56 (engineer)techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.,The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.,最新的工程技术被应用于创造这个保护功能的结构，也很漂亮。,She works for an engineering company.,她在一家工程公司工作。,（,2024,全国甲卷）,They all agreed and vowed(,承诺,)to promote the idea at the 68 (complete)of their journey.,They all agreed and vowed to promote the idea at the completion of their journey.,他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。,The project is due for completion in the spring.,这项工程预定在明年春季竣工。,（,2024,浙江,1,月卷）,Many supermarkets are no longer doing“buy one get one free”promotions because of the _(criticize)that they lead to waste.,Many supermarkets are no longer doing“buy one get one free”promotions because of the criticism that they lead to waste.,许多超市不再进行,“,买一送一,”,的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。,I deeply resented her criticism.,我对她的批评感到非常气愤。,词性转换考点拓展,1.affect vt.,影响，感动，侵袭,affection n.,喜爱，钟爱,affectionate a.,深情的,How will these changes affect us?,这些变化对我们会有什么影响？,I still have affection for my old school.,我对母校依然很有感情。,He gave her knee an affectionate pat.,他温情地拍了拍她的膝盖。,2.afford vt.,负担得起,(.,的费用,)affordable a.,负担的起的,affordability,He could barely afford the fare.,他几乎付不起车费。,It could make extra training and instruction affordable.,这使人们负担得起额外的培训和指导费用。,Indeed,the emphasis on affordability might be slightly misplaced.,确实，对可承受性的强调可能有些错位了。,3.age n.,年龄,时代,v.(,使,),变老,He embraces the new information age.,他欢迎新的信息时代。,4.agree v.,同意,;,应允,agreement n.,同意，一致,;,协定，协议,agreeable a.,使人愉快的，惬意的,disagreev.,不同意,disagreementn.,分歧，不一致,We rarely agree on what to do.,我们很少在要做的事情上看法一致。,We were in complete agreement.,我们意见完全一致。,He seemed extremely agreeable.,他似乎特别招人喜欢。,We disagree with every point she makes.,我们不同意她提出的任何观点。,The disagreement arose over a different use of terminology.,分歧的缘起在于专门用语使用的不同。,5.agriculture n.,农业，农学,agricultural a.,农业的,The conditions were unfavourable for agriculture.,这些条件不利于农业。,Rivers are a blessing for an agricultural country.,河流是农业国的福祉。,6.allow v.,允许，允许,.,进入,allowance n.,津贴，零用钱,We must allow for human error.,我们必须考虑到人为的失误。,She gets an allowance for taking care of Amy.,她照顾艾米是有津贴的。,7.amaze vt.,使惊奇，惊叹,amazing a.,令人惊奇的,He never ceases to amaze me.,他总让我惊喜不断。,She has amazing powers of recall.,她有惊人的记忆力。,