专题十四 句子的种类,简单句的基本句型,考点,1,类型,例句,备注,主语,+,谓语,(,不及物动词,),We,study,hard.,我们努力学习。,某些不及物动词加特定介词后可带宾语,如,listen,to,等。,主语,+,谓语,(,及物动词,)+,宾语,I,like,apples.,我喜欢苹果。,宾语为代词时,要用宾格代词。,类型,例句,备注,主语,+,系动词,+,表语,The,girl,is,kind.,这个女孩很友好。,表语多为名词或形容词,系动词,look,taste,smell,等后面常跟形容词。,主语,+,谓语,(,及物动词,)+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,She,bought,me,a,card.,她给我买了一张卡片。,常见此类动词,:,give,buy,show,pass,等。,类型,例句,备注,主语,+,谓语,(,及物动词,)+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,He,made,the,baby,cry.,他把这个婴儿弄哭了。,I,often,hear,a,boy,sing.,我经常听见一个男孩唱歌。,常见此类动词,:,make,keep,let,see,hear,notice,等。,常见的特殊疑问词,(,代词和副词,),和特殊疑问词组,考点,2,what,什么,(,可用来询问职业,),which,哪一个,when,什么时候,why,为什么,how,如何,;,怎样,where(,在,),哪里,who,谁,whom,谁,(,宾格,),whose,谁的,what,time,几点,what,day,星期几,what,colour,什么颜色,what/how,about,怎么样,how,much,多少,;,多少钱,how,many,多少,how,far,多远,how,long,多长,;,多久,how,soon,过多久,how,often,多久一次,how,old,多少岁,how,heavy,多重,how,big,多大,how,tall/high,多高,how,deep,多深,祈使句,考点,3,祈使句表示请求、命令、劝告、叮嘱、号召、建议等。,构成,举,例,以动词原形开头,Pass,him,the,coffee,please.,请给他递咖啡。,Dont,pass,him,coffee.,别给他递咖啡。,以,let,开头,(,否定形式为,let,sb.,not,do),Let,her,go.,让她走。,Let,her,not,go.,别让她走。,Never+,动词原形,Never,pass,him,the,coffee.,不要给他递咖啡。,No+,名词或动名词,No,litter!,勿乱扔垃圾,!,感叹句,考点,4,类型,结构,例句,What,型,What+a/an+,形容词,+,可数名词的单数形式,(+,主语,+,谓语,)!,What,a,beautiful,girl,she,is!,她是一个多么漂亮的女孩啊,!,What+,形容词,+,可数名词的复数形式,/,不可数名词,(+,主语,+,谓语,)!,What,important,jobs,they,have,done!,他们做了多么重要的工作啊,!,What,sweet,water,it,is!,多么甜的水啊,!,类型,结构,例句,How,型,How+,形容词,+,a/an+,可数名词的单数形式,(+,主语,+,谓语,)!,How,beautiful,a,picture,it,is!,多么漂亮的一幅画啊,!,How+,形容词,/,副词,(+,主语,+,谓语,)!,How,cute,the,dog,is!,这只狗多么可爱啊,!,How+,主语,+,谓语,!,How,time,flies!,时间过得多么快啊,!,倒装句,考点,5,倒装有两种,:,只将助动词,(,包括情态动词,),移至主语之前,叫部分倒装,;,将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,叫完全倒装。具体如下,:,类型,结构,例句,备注,部分倒装,So+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,I,like,reading,English,and,so,does,he,.,我,喜欢读英语,他也喜欢。,表示与上文提到的肯定情况相同,Neither/Nor+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,You,wont,go,and,neither,shall,I.,你不去,我也不去。,表示与上文提到的否定情况相同,类型,结构,例句,备注,部分倒装,Only+,状语,+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,+,其他,Only,in,this,way,can,you,make,progress,in,your,English.,只有这样你才能在英语方面取得进步。,only,修饰主语时,不需要倒装,Seldom/Never/Not,only,+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,+,其他,Not,only,does,he,speak,English,very,well,but,also,he,speaks,French,well.,他不但英语说得好,而且法语也说得好。,如果置于句首的,not,only,but,also,仅连接两个并列词语,不用倒装结构,类型,结构,例句,备注,全部,倒装,Here/There+,谓语动词,+,名词主语,Here,comes,the,bus.,公交车来了。,主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变,注,:,当,so,引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。如,:,He is a good actor.,他是个好演员。,So he is.,的确如此。,一、单项选择。,(),1.(2024,宿迁改编,),fine weather!Its a good match for going on a picnic.,Exactly.I simply cant wait!,A.How,B.What,C.What,a,(),2.(2024,云南改编,),meaningful day!We volunteered to clean up our city park.,A.How,B.What,C.What a,B,C,(),3.(2024,龙东,)Li Lei won the first place.,good news it is!,Yes,were all happy for him.,A.How,B.What,a,C.What,(),4.(2024,乐山,),amazing it is!The Shenzhou members raise fish for the first time in Tiangong space station.,A.What,B.How,C.What,an,(),5.(2024,绥化,),“,Li Ming,your homework first,and you can watch TV for 30 minutes,”said his mum.,A.does,B.did,C.do,C,B,C,(),6.(2024,绥化,)It was sunny several minutes ago,but its raining heavily now!,difference a day makes!,A.What,B.What,a,C.How,(),7.(2024,长春改编,),helpful the speech is!It tells us to use the Internet safely.,A.What,B.What,a,C.How,(),8.(2024,成都,),do you visit your grandparents?,Usually twice a month.,A.How long,B.How,often,C.How,far,B,C,B,(),9.(2024,西藏改编,)He,have breakfast because he woke up late this morning.,A.doesnt,B.did,C.didnt,(),10.(2024,福建,),is the biggest blue whale?,As I know,it weighs about 181,000 kilos.,A.How heavy,B.How long C.How,wide,(),11.(2024,白银改编,),have you been learning English?,For 7 years.,A.How old,B.How,long,C.How,often,C,A,B,(),12.(2024,白银改编,),was the zipper invented?,In 1893.,A.When,B.How,C.Why,(),13.(2024,天津改编,)Only after he had spoken out the word,he had made a big mistake.,A.he realized,B.did,he,realize C.he,did realize,(),14.(2024,龙东,)The old man never feels lonely,?,No,because he has many friends.,A.does he,B.wont,he,C.doesnt,he,A,B,A,(),15.(2024,齐齐哈尔,)Tom will have a birthday party next Sunday.Do you want to go?,If you go,.,A.so I will,B.so,will,I C.neither,will I,(),16.(2024,绥化,),do many farmers put their products online these days?,To sell them more easily.,A.Why,B.How,C.When,B,A,(),17.(2024,西藏改编,)Can you cut tomatoes into thin pieces?,.Let me show you.,A.Yes,I do,B.No,I,cant C.Yes,I can,(),18.(2024,无锡改编,),is the girl wearing a scarf?Is she your sister?,A.Who,B.Which,C.What,(),19.(2024,长春改编,),are these sports socks?,10 yuan for 3 pairs.,A.How many,B.How much C.How,long,C,A,B,(),20.(2023,江苏改编,)I have never been to Hong Kong.,.,A.So have I,B.Neither,I have,C.Neither have I,C,二、用恰当的词填空。,1._exciting,news youve brought us!,2,._difficult,homework we had yesterday!,3._ cute,dog it is!,4._,good time we had on the beach yesterday!,5._ the,weather in England is!,6,._have,you been in Shenzhen?,For 6 years,.,What,What,What a,What a,How bad,How long,7.Lets,do some running after school,_?,8.Dont be so impolite,_?,9.Tom seldom goes to school on foot,_ he,?,10,._ does,your mother do?,She is a teacher.,shal