专题八情态动词,2,1,语法突破,知识梳理,知识导图,3,语法专练,直击中考,知识导图,语法突破,知识梳理,情态动词表示说话者的情感,、,态度和语气,，,本身有一定的意义,，,但不能单独作谓语,，,须与动词原形一起构成句子的谓语,。,情态动词没有人称和数的变化,。,1,.,基本含义和用法,知识点,情态动词的基本用法,1,情态动词,用法,含义,例句,can,(,can,t,),表示,能力,(,be,able,to,),能,、,会,Tom,can,swim,.,汤姆会游泳,。,(,疑问句中,),表示,建议,、,请求,可以,Can,you,help,me,？,你可以帮我吗,？,(,陈述句中,),表示许可,，,相当于,may,You,can,watch,TV,on,weekends,.,你可以在周末看电视,。,情态动词,用法,含义,例句,could,(,couldn,t,),could,是,can,的过去式,，,表示过去的能力,(,过去,),能,、,会,I,could,ride,a,bike,when,I,was,6,.,当我六岁时,，,我会骑自行车,。,表示请求时,，,could,语气较委婉,可以,Could,I,have,an,ice,cream,，,Mom,？,我能吃个冰淇淋吗,，,妈妈,？,情态动词,用法,含义,例句,may,(,may,not,),(,疑问句中,),表示请求,可以,May,I,go,out,and,play,football,？,我可以去外面踢足球吗,？,(,陈述句中,),表示许可,可以,You,may,go,now,.,你现在,可以,走,了,。,表示祝福和愿望,祝,May,you,be,happy,！,祝你快乐,！,情态动词,用法,含义,例句,might,might,是,may,的过去式,，,表示请求许可时,，,might,语气较委婉,可以,Might,I,open,the,window,？,我能把窗户打开吗,？,must,(,mustn,t,),表示主观意愿的义务,、,命令或要求,；,否定形式,mustn,t,表示,“,禁止,，,不准,”,必须,You,must,come,earlier,tomorrow,.,你明天必须早点来,。,You,mustn,t,take,photos,here,.,你不准在这里拍照,。,情态动词,用法,含义,例句,have,to,(,don,t,have,to,),表示客观必要,，,have,要根据主语进行形式和时态,的,变化,不得不,He,has,to,take,a,taxi,because,of,the,rain,.,由于下雨他不得不乘坐出租车,。,shall,Shall,I/we,？,用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句中,，,表示建议或请求,好吗,？,Shall,we,ask,the,teacher,for,help,？,我们向老师寻求帮助好吗,？,情态动词,用法,含义,例句,should,(,shouldn,t,),/ought,to,强调责任和义务,；,也可表示劝告或建议,应该,You,should,finish,it,by,yourself,.,你应该自己完成它,。,You,should,lie,down,and,have,a,rest,.,你应该躺下休息一会儿,。,情态动词,用法,含义,例句,will,(,won,t,),表示征求意见,，,用于主语为第二人称的疑问,可以,吗,？,Will,you,please,take,out,the,rubbish,？,你可以把垃圾倒一下吗,？,表示意愿,、,意志,，,可用于多种人称,愿意,Your,parents,will,try,their,best,to,help,you,.,你的父母愿意尽最大的努力帮助你,。,情态动词,用法,含义,例句,would,(,would,t,),would,是,will,的过去式,，,表示征求意见时,，,语气更委婉,可以,吗,？,Would,you,please,take,out,the,rubbish,？,你可以把垃圾倒一下吗,？,need,(,needn,t,),常用于否定句和疑问句中,，,表示需要,；,否定形式,needn,t,表示,“,不必要,，,不必须,”,(,need,还可作实义动词,，,有人称和数的变化,),需要,He,needn,t,worry,about,it,.,他不需要担心它,。,情态动词,用法,含义,例句,had,better,表示劝告,、,建议,，,had,常缩写为,“,d,”,最好,You,d,better,go,there,today,.,你最好今天去那儿,。,注,：,(,1,),辨析,can,与,be able to,相同点,：,后面都接动词原形,，,都可表示能力,。,不同点,(,2,),辨析,must,与,have to,must,表示说话人的主观意愿,，,意为,“,必须,”,，,无人称和数的变化,；,其否定回答常用,don,t have to,或,needn,t,，,而不用,mustn,t,。,have to,强调受到外界客观因素的迫使,，,意为,“,不得不,”,；,have to,可用于多种时态,，,有人称和数的变化,。,如,：,We didn,t want to go,，,but we had to,.,我们并不想去,，,但是不得不去,。,2,.,含情态动词的一般疑问句及其回答,一般疑问句中,含有的情态动词,回答,例句,may,肯定回答,：,may,否定回答,：,mustn,t/can,t,May,I,go,out,and,play,football,，,Mom,？,妈妈,，,我可以去外面可以踢足球吗,？,No,，,you,mustn,t,.,不,，,你不可以,。,一般疑问句中,含有的情态动词,回答,例句,could,(,表示委婉请求,),肯定回答,：,can,否定回答,：,can,t,Could,I,borrow,this,book,？,我能借这本书吗,？,Sorry,，,you,can,t,.,对不起,，,你,不能,。,need,肯定回答,：,must,否定回答,：,needn,t,Need,I,bring,you,a,coat,？,需要我给你带件外套吗,？,Yes,，,you,must,.,是的,，,你必须带,。,一般疑问句中,含有的情态动词,回答,例句,must,肯定回答,：,must,否定回答,：,don,t,have,to/needn,t,Must,I,finish,my,homework,first,？,我必须先完成作业吗,？,No,，,you,don,t,have,to/needn,t,.,不,，,你不用,。,知识点,情态动词表推测的用法,2,分类,情态动词,含义,用法,例句,肯定推测,must,一定,用于肯定句中,，,表示非常有把握的肯定推测,Mr,.,Li,must,be,working,now,，,for,the,light,in,his,office,is,still,on,.,李先生一定还在工作,，,因为他办公室的灯仍然亮着,。,may/,might/could,可能,；,也许,用于肯定句中,，,表示有可能的推测,；,may,表示的可能性较大,I,may/might/could,go,to,Beijing,.,But,I,m,not,sure,.,我可能去北京,，,但我不确定,。,分类,情态动词,含义,用法,例句,肯定推测,can,可能,常用于疑问句中,，,表示有可能的推测,Who,is,knocking,at,the,door,？,Can,it,be,the,postman,？,谁在敲门,？,可能是邮递员吗,？,分类,情态动词,含义,用法,例句,否定推测,can,t,不可能,用于否定句中,，,表示否定推测,，,语气强烈,，,可能性几乎为零,The,boy,can,t,be,Jim,.,Jim,is,much,taller,.,这个男孩不可能是吉姆,。,吉姆要高很多,。,may,not,可能不,用于否定句中,，,表示不太确定的否定推测,It,may,not,be,a,dog,.,It,s,bigger,than,a,dog,.,它可能不是一只狗,，,它,比,狗,大,。,语法专练,直击中考,单项选择,(,),1,.,(,2024,无锡,),Shh,！,This is a library,.,You,keep your voice down,.,A,.,canB,.,can,t,C,.,shouldD,.,shouldn,t,(,),2,.,(,2024,连云港,),Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems,be cured,.,A,.,canB,.,must,C,.,shouldD,.,need,C,A,(,),3,.,(,2023,无锡,),Oh,，,come on,！,you doubt everything I say,？,I,m not a,three,-,year,-,old,！,A,.,Can,tB,.,Can,C,.,Mustn,tD,.,Must,(,),4,.,(,2023,常州,),When you have fixed this type of lock,，,you,take a key with you,.,You can open the door with your fingerprint,.,A,.,shouldn,tB,.,needn,t,C,.,mustn,tD,.,can,t,D,B,(,),5,.,(,2023,镇江,),The new app about fashion is really free and you,pay money for it,.,A,.,mayB,.,must,C,.,shouldn,tD,.,needn,t,(,),6,.,(,2023,南通,),If a football team wants to enter the World Cup,，,it,become a member of FIFA first,.,A,.,mayB,.,must,C,.,canD,.,might,D,B,(,),7,.,(,2023,淮安,),Sir,，,may I take photos here,？,Sorry,，,look at the sign,.,You,take photos in the museum,.,A,.,couldB,.,may,C,.,mustn,tD,.,needn,t,(,),8,.,(,2023,连云港,),Earthquakes can be very,dangerous,.,We,learn to protect ourselves,.,A,.,mightB,.,should,C,.,couldD,.,would,C,B,(,),9,.,(,2022,无锡,),We should learn some basic life skills since,we,depend on ourselves some day,.,A,.,canB,.,can,t,C,.,mustD,.,mustn,t,(,),10,.,(,2022,常州,),To achieve our dream,，,we,rest on what we have done,.,A,.,may notB,.,should not,C,.,need notD,.,could not,C,B,(,),11,.,(,2023,宿迁,),According to the traffic rules,，,people,ride e,-,bikes without wearing helmets,.,A,.,mustn,tB,.,needn,t,C,.,may notD,.,might not,(,),1